Elements of Mediterranean diet improve oxidative status in blood of kidney graft recipients

Abstract

An intensification of free-radical reactions may contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis in kidney graft recipients. We examined the effect of a Mediterranean-type diet (MD) on the oxidative status of the plasma and erythrocytes of kidney graft recipients. Two patient groups were formed: a study group consuming the MD diet and a control group with a low-fat diet. C-reactive protein levels in plasma, oleic acid C18 : 1n-9 and linoleic acid C18 : 2n-6 concentrations in triacyloglycerols were determined. To determine the oxidative status, we measured the concentrations of a-tocopherol in plasma, the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS) in plasma and erythrocytes, and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes. In the MD group, the activities of erythrocyte enzymes changed significantly: those of superoxide dismutase increased (P,0·001 after 6 months), catalase decreased (P,0·001 after 6 months) and glutathione peroxidase decreased (P,0·05 after 2 months). The oleic acid content of triacylglycerols was increased (P,0·006) whereas that of linoleic acid was decreased (P,0·00005), a-tocopherol levels remaining unchanged. TBARS in plasma were decreased after 6 months of MD (P,0·05). No significant correlations were observed between TBARS, oleic acid, linoleic acid and a-tocopherol levels in plasma. MD appears to protect the erythrocytes against the action of free radicals, as reflected in the modified activities of some enzymes regulating the oxidative status of these blood cells.

Mediterranean Diet, Kidney Function, and Mortality in Men with CKD

“…In addition and in agreement with previous studies (22,23,33) as well as our analysis, a Mediterranean diet may provide relatively low contents of salt, phosphate, and acid load, which may further support the survival association observed in the CKD population (43). Previous studies in nondialyzed CKD, dialysis, and renal transplant patients associate some of these individual nutrients with important risk factors, such as systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, metabolic acidosis control, and incidence of metabolic syndrome (2)(3)(4)22,(44)(45)(46)(47). Nevertheless, it is also possible that individuals with low adherence to a Mediterranean diet are less compliant with other lifestyle and medical recommendations (residual confounding).…”

Postprandial antioxidant gene expression is modified by Mediterranean diet supplemented with coenzyme Q10 in elderly men and women

“…In addition, GPx1 mRNA levels showed the lowest postprandial levels in Med+ CoQ diet with respect to the other diets. Presumably, CoQ supplementation contributed to a reduction in the production of H 2 O 2 and in this way suppressed the GPx1 gene expression for which H 2 O 2 serves as a substrate (Stachowska et al 2005) since CoQ deficiency interferes with assembly or stability of the respiratory chain enzymes leading to unbalanced oxidative phosphorylation and enhanced ROS production (Quinzii et al 2008). This phenomenon, together with the fact that there were observed an increase in TrxR mRNA levels after intake of the SFA diet compared with the Med and Med+CoQ diets could be due to the fact that the damage caused by oxidative stress is higher in the SFA diet than in the other diets.…”

Dieta afro-bahiana, estrés oxidativo y ejercício físico

“…La actividad de la catalasa en eritrocitos ha sido empleada como uno de los indicadores del status oxidativo en seres humanos. Fueron encontradas alteraciones en su actividad en función de la dieta y del ejercicio [26][27][28][29] . La dieta puede interferir en el estatus oxidativo.…”

“…La dieta puede interferir en el estatus oxidativo. En un trabajo 26 , recientemente publicado, la dieta mediterránea alteró significativamente la actividad de la catalasa en eritrocitos de pacientes sometidos a transplante renal, disminuyéndola después de 6 meses de dieta. El organismo procura adaptarse a los niveles de producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno, buscando contrabalancear este factor con sus mecanismos de defensa antioxidantes.…”