Elements Distribution for the Upper Sandstone Member of the Zubair Formation in Zubair Oil Field, Southern Iraq

Al-Jaberi, Mohanad H.; A-Jafar, Methaq Kh.

doi:10.46717/igj.53.1e.5ry-2020-07-05

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…3, and to reach the reservoirs for producing oil, these two formations must be penetrated. By checking the drilling reports, the average thickness of Tanuma's shale is about 50 m and Zubair's shale is about 200 m (Jassim and Goff, 2006;Al-Jaberi and Al-Jafar, 2020).…”

Section: Area Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulating Inhibited Fluids for Stable Drilling Operations into Tanuma and Zubair Shales, Zubair Oilfield, Southern Iraq

Alshibli¹,

Alhaleem²

2022

IGJ

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Tanuma and Zubair formations are known as the most problematic intervals in Zubair Oilfield, and they cause wellbore instability due to possible shale-fluid interaction. It causes a vast loss of time dealing with various downhole problems (e.g., stuck pipe) which leads to an increase in overall well cost for the consequences (e.g., fishing and sidetrack). This paper aims to test shale samples with various laboratory tests for shale evaluation and drilling muds development. Shale's physical properties are described by using a stereomicroscope and the structures are observed with Scanning Electron Microscope. The shale reactivity and behavior are analyzed by using the cation exchange capacity testing and the capillary suction test is utilized for selecting shale inhibitor base. As a result, four drillings muds are formulated with different additives and approved by using the Linear Swelling Meter and the Hot Rolling experiments. Tanuma’s shale is at higher reactivity level, where it is moderate to high active shale than Zubair’s shale, which is at a low to moderately reactive formation. Microfractures and micropores are excited in both formations and potentially in Tanuma’s shale. The shale stability can be achieved by adding 8 % of KCl for Tanuma’s mud and 4% of KCl for Zubair’s mud. The filtration controls are contributed to seal the shale open structures and adding the Poly amino acid hydration suppressant reduced the risk of shale swelling significantly. The results can be used for designing drilling mud to reduce shale instability issues and the cost.

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Section: Area Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulating Inhibited Fluids for Stable Drilling Operations into Tanuma and Zubair Shales, Zubair Oilfield, Southern Iraq

Alshibli¹,

Alhaleem²

2022

IGJ

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“…The main component of the sandstone in Zubair Formation is quartz with a minor percentage of silt and clay minerals. Sand grain size ranges from very fine to medium, with roundness ranging from sub-angular to sub-rounded [9] and [10]. Hounslow and Morton [11], Proved that Opaque minerals that are excluded from the count (e.g.…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Light and Heavy Minerals and Their Effect on Oil Aggregation in the Zubair Formation for the Rumaila Oil Field in Southern Iraq

Humaidan

Al-Jaberi

Al-Mayyahi

et al. 2022

eijs

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Zubair Formation is the most productive reservoir in southern Iraq, which is comprised of sandstones, interbedded with shale sequences and sometimes carbonate rock. It is an important formation in the lower Cretaceous cycle in Iraq. Rumaila oil field is the largest oil field in Iraq and the 6th in the world. Two wells were studied for three depths, one in the southern Rumaila and the other in the north. The study focused on light and heavy minerals in sand fractions and their relationship with hydrocarbon assemblages. For the survey to be complete, the sedimentological study of the cores was also conducted. This research aims to determine the effect of the amount of heavy and light minerals on the generation and production of oil in the reservoir layers. The sedimentological results were the prevalence of sand for all depths, especially in Southern Rumaila. The sand ratio ranged from 62% to 98%. The rate of heavy minerals in southern Rumaila was greater than in Northern on average at 1.17%. Light minerals were the most in Northern Rumaila up to 99.3% represented in quartz with a high percentage and a little part of feldspar represented in orthoclase. Heavy minerals were represented in Opaque (24%), zircon (27.6%), tourmaline (18%), rutile (11%), biotite (3%), chlorite (3.6%), muscovite (3.6%), staurolite (2%) and hornblende (3.6%). The proportion of quartz was the most in light minerals. The average of minerals is ultra-stable, and Opaque is the most dominant over the other minerals. Ultra-stable minerals in the sand that contain hydrocarbon assemblage are an index to mineralogical maturity for sandstone rocks. The SEM images showed deformations in quartz grains due to the high energy; on the other hand, the roundness and sphericity of the grains were evident, especially in Southern Rumaila sands.

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“…The geometry of terrigenous clastic and oil-bearing sequences in southern Iraqi oilfields has been used to classify them based on their composition (Buday, 1980). The Zubair Formation in southern Iraq was divided into five sections (Owen and Nasser, 1958;Buday, 1980;Al-Jaberi and Al-Jafar, 2020). These are shale members with two distinguished sandstone members and a small amount of siltstone, predominating sandstone with shale and siltstone subsidiary units, black shale, as fissile with occasional sandstone streaks, or greenish black shale, sandstone predominance with subsidiary siltstone beds, and greenish black shale with lenses of sandstone-fissile siltstone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence Stratigraphy and Depositional Environment of the Zubair Formation in Rumaila Oilfields, Southern Iraq: Microfacies and Geochemistry

Alsultan

Awadh

Al-Owaidi

et al. 2021

IGJ

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In the Rumaila oilfields in southern Iraq, the Zubair Formation was deposited in a shallow environment as three main facies, delta plain, backshore, and delta front depositional conditions indicating a transition from delta front and delta plain to a highstand level due to the finning upward mode. The facies of the Zubair clasts show well-sorted quartz arenite sandstone, poorly sorted quartz arenite sandstone, clayey sandstone that has not been properly sorted, sandy shale, and shale lithofacies. The minor lithofacies were identified using well-logging methods (gamma ray, spontaneous potential and sonic logs) and petrography. The Zubair clasts are of transition environment that appears to be transported from freshwater and deposited in a marine environment forming many fourth-order cycles reflect sea level rise fluctuations and still-stand under tectonics developed the sequence stratigraphy. A misalignment between relative sea-level and sediment supply caused asymmetry sedimentary cycles. A shallower environment of shale-dominated rocks rich in organic matter and pyrite were exposed. The basinal shale of Ratawi at the Zubair bottom and the shallow carbonate of Shuaiba emplace on the Zubair represent the beginning of the delta build up (delta front and delta plain) to a highstand stage.

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Elements Distribution for the Upper Sandstone Member of the Zubair Formation in Zubair Oil Field, Southern Iraq

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Formulating Inhibited Fluids for Stable Drilling Operations into Tanuma and Zubair Shales, Zubair Oilfield, Southern Iraq

Formulating Inhibited Fluids for Stable Drilling Operations into Tanuma and Zubair Shales, Zubair Oilfield, Southern Iraq

Study of Light and Heavy Minerals and Their Effect on Oil Aggregation in the Zubair Formation for the Rumaila Oil Field in Southern Iraq

Sequence Stratigraphy and Depositional Environment of the Zubair Formation in Rumaila Oilfields, Southern Iraq: Microfacies and Geochemistry

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