Elemental and isotopic perspectives on the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi on mineral weathering across imposed geologic gradients

Remiszewski, K.; Bryce, J. G.; Fahnestock, M. F.; Pettitt, Elizabeth; Blichert‐Toft, Janne; Vadeboncoeur, Matthew A.; Bailey, Scott W.

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.05.005

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Laboratory experiments reveal that EcM fungi acquire Ca more efficiently than AM fungi from plagioclase, basalt and several other minerals (Quirk et al, 2012(Quirk et al, , 2014Thorley et al, 2015). By contrast, Koele et al (2014) and Remiszewski et al (2016) observed no differences in mineral weathering of quartz, apatite or granite between AM and EcM systems in New Zealand and NE USA, suggesting context dependency and that greater weathering rates may be attributable to soil acidity . Alternatively, biological weathering can be related to bacterial activity.…”

Section: Soil Processes (1) Nutrient Cycling and Mineral Weatheringmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…() and Remiszewski et al . () observed no differences in mineral weathering of quartz, apatite or granite between AM and EcM systems in New Zealand and NE USA, suggesting context dependency and that greater weathering rates may be attributable to soil acidity (Dickie et al ., ). Alternatively, biological weathering can be related to bacterial activity.…”

Section: Soil Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycorrhizal types differ in ecophysiology and alter plant nutrition and soil processes

2019

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Mycorrhizal fungi benefit plants by improved mineral nutrition and protection against stress, yet information about fundamental differences among mycorrhizal types in fungi and trees and their relative importance in biogeochemical processes is only beginning to accumulate. We critically review and synthesize the ecophysiological differences in ectomycorrhizal, ericoid mycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses and the effect of these mycorrhizal types on soil processes from local to global scales. We demonstrate that guilds of mycorrhizal fungi display substantial differences in genome‐encoded capacity for mineral nutrition, particularly acquisition of nitrogen and phosphorus from organic material. Mycorrhizal associations alter the trade‐off between allocation to roots or mycelium, ecophysiological traits such as root exudation, weathering, enzyme production, plant protection, and community assembly as well as response to climate change. Mycorrhizal types exhibit differential effects on ecosystem carbon and nutrient cycling that affect global elemental fluxes and may mediate biome shifts in response to global change. We also note that most studies performed to date have not been properly replicated and collectively suffer from strong geographical sampling bias towards temperate biomes. We advocate that combining carefully replicated field experiments and controlled laboratory experiments with isotope labelling and ‐omics techniques offers great promise towards understanding differences in ecophysiology and ecosystem services among mycorrhizal types.

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Section: Soil Processes (1) Nutrient Cycling and Mineral Weatheringmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Soil Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhizal types differ in ecophysiology and alter plant nutrition and soil processes

2019

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“…Biochemical weathering can result from the action of bacterial and fungal chelators (Burford et al 2006), protons or siderophores that can alter the chemical structure or behavior of clays (Gadd 2010;Courty et al 2010). Among the fungal groups, ectomycorrhizal fungi may play an outsized role in weathering (Van Breeman et al 2000) although recent evidence suggests both arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi may have comparable effects on mineral weathering rates (Koele et al 2014;Remiszewski et al 2016).…”

Section: Strength Of Organo-mineral Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minerals in the rhizosphere: overlooked mediators of soil nitrogen availability to plants and microbes

et al. 2018

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Despite decades of research progress, ecologists are still debating which pools and fluxes provide nitrogen (N) to plants and soil microbes across different ecosystems. Depolymerization of soil organic N is recognized as the rate-limiting step in the production of bioavailable N, and it is generally assumed that detrital N is the main source. However, in many mineral soils, detrital polymers constitute a minor fraction of total soil organic N. The majority of organic N is associated with clay-sized particles where physicochemical interactions may limit the accessibility of N-containing compounds. Although mineralassociated organic matter (MAOM) has historically been considered a critical, but relatively passive, reservoir of soil N, a growing body of research now points to the dynamic nature of mineral-organic associations and their potential for destabilization. Here we synthesize evidence from biogeoscience and soil ecology to demonstrate how MAOM is an important, yet overlooked, mediator of bioavailable N, especially in the rhizosphere. We highlight several biochemical strategies that enable plants and microbes /doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0459-5 to disrupt mineral-organic interactions and access MAOM. In particular, root-deposited low-molecularweight exudates may enhance the mobilization and solubilization of MAOM, increasing its bioavailability. However, the competitive balance between the possible fates of N monomers-bound to mineral surfaces versus dissolved and available for assimilation-will depend on the specific interaction between mineral properties, soil solution, mineral-bound organic matter, and microbes. Building off our emerging understanding of MAOM as a source of bioavailable N, we propose a revision of the Schimel and Bennett (Ecology 85:591-602, 2004) model (which emphasizes N depolymerization), by incorporating MAOM as a potential proximal mediator of bioavailable N.123 Biogeochemistry (2018) 139:103-122 https:/

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“…22 potential framework to account for differential biological weathering activity of distinct vegetation types. While considerable evidence exists pointing to the potential for ectomycorrhizal fungi to be more potent weathering agents, than AM fungi, field studies comparing weathering rates in paired AM-and ectomycorrhiza-dominated forests have failed to find significant differences in mineral weathering rates (Koele et al, 2014;Remiszewski et al, 2016). Future applications utilising rhizosphere or mycorrhizosphere vs bulk soil volumes should place more emphasis on the choice of hyphal length densities, and should 5 likely use functions, as opposed to fixed parameters, that depend on plant type as well as plant productivity and nutrient status to describe fine root and mycorrhizal hyphal root lengths.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological weathering and its consequences at different spatial levels – from nanoscale to global scale

Finlay

Mahmood

Rosenstock

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Plant nutrients can be recycled through microbial decomposition of organic matter but replacement of base cations and phosphorus, lost through harvesting of biomass/biofuels or leaching, requires de novo supply of fresh nutrients released through weathering of soil parent material (minerals and rocks). Weathering involves physical and chemical processes that are modified by biological activity of plants, microorganisms and animals. This article reviews recent progress made in understanding biological processes contributing to weathering. A perspective of increasing spatial scale is adopted, examining the consequences of biological activity for weathering from nanoscale interactions, through in vitro and in planta microcosm and mesocosm studies, to field experiments and finally, ecosystem and global level effects. The topics discussed include: the physical alteration of minerals and mineral surfaces, the composition, amounts, chemical properties and effects of plant and microbial secretions, and the role of carbon flow (including stabilization/sequestration of C in organic and inorganic forms). Although the predominant focus is on the effects of fungi in forest ecosystems, the properties of biofilms, including bacterial interactions, are discussed. The implications of these biological processes for modelling are discussed and finally, we attempt to identify some key questions and knowledge gaps, as well as experimental approaches and areas of research in which future studies are likely to yield useful results. A particular focus of this article is to improve the representation of the ways in which biological processes complement physical and chemical processes that mobilize mineral elements, making them available for plant uptake. This is necessary to produce better estimates of weathering that are necessary for sustainable management of forests in a post-fossil fuel economy. While there are abundant examples of nm- and &#181;m-scale physical interactions between microorganisms and different minerals, opinion appears to be divided with respect to the quantitative significance of these observations to overall weathering. Numerous in vitro experiments and microcosm studies involving plants and their associated microorganisms suggest that the allocation of plant-derived carbon, mineral dissolution and plant nutrient status are tightly coupled but there is still disagreement about the extent to which these processes contribute to field-scale observations. Apart from providing dynamically responsive pathways for the allocation of plant-derived carbon to power dissolution of minerals, mycorrhizal mycelia provide conduits for the long-distance transportation of weathering products back to plants that are also quantitatively significant sinks for released nutrients. These mycelial pathways bridge heterogeneous substrates, reducing the influence of local variation in C&#8201;:&#8201;N ratios. The production of polysaccharide matrices by biofilms of interacting bacteria and/or fungi at interfaces with mineral surfaces and roots, influences patterns of production of antibiotics and quorum sensing molecules, with concomitant effects on microbial community structure, and the qualitative and quantitative composition of mineral solubilizing compounds and weathering products. Patterns of carbon allocation and nutrient mobilization from both organic and inorganic substrates have been studied at larger spatial and temporal scales, including both ecosystem and global levels and there is a generally wider degree of acceptance of the "systemic" effects of microorganisms on patterns of nutrient mobilization. Theories about the evolutionary development of weathering processes have been advanced but there is still a lack of information connecting processes at different spatial scales and detailed studies of the liquid chemistry of local weathering sites at the &#181;m-scale, together with up-scaling to soil-scale dissolution rates, are advocated, as well as new approaches involving stable isotopes.

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Elemental and isotopic perspectives on the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi on mineral weathering across imposed geologic gradients

Cited by 11 publications

References 47 publications

Mycorrhizal types differ in ecophysiology and alter plant nutrition and soil processes

Mycorrhizal types differ in ecophysiology and alter plant nutrition and soil processes

Minerals in the rhizosphere: overlooked mediators of soil nitrogen availability to plants and microbes

Biological weathering and its consequences at different spatial levels – from nanoscale to global scale

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