Elektronische Sehprothesen

Walter, Peter

doi:10.1055/s-2005-858114

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Recent reviews have focused on examining the present state of the art in retinal prosthetics [204] or reviewing the current clinical results achieved by different implants [205][206][207][208]. Hopefully, this review will be of use to both the clinician, in understanding how clinical decisions affect the engineering of visual prostheses, and also to the engineer, in understanding how different aspects of device design influence or fail to influence the clinical end result.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attaining higher resolution visual prosthetics: a review of the factors and limitations

2013

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Visual prosthetics is an expanding subfield of functional electrical stimulation which has gained increased interest recently in light of new advances in treatments and technology. These treatments and technology represent a major improvement over prior art, but are still subject to a host of limitations which are dependent on the manner in which one approaches the topic of visual prosthetics. These limitations pose new research challenges whose solutions are directly applicable to the well-being of blind individuals everywhere. In this review, we will outline and critically compare major current approaches to visual prosthetics, and in particular retinal prosthetics. Then, we will engage in an in-depth discussion of the limitations imposed by current technology, physics, and the underlying biology of the retina to highlight several of the challenges currently facing researchers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attaining higher resolution visual prosthetics: a review of the factors and limitations

2013

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“…Es liegt daher nahe, zunächst mal zu bestimmen, welche Eigenschaften die Neuronen haben, die Kontakt zu den Reizelektroden haben. Daher haben wir bereits früh bidirektionale Retina Implantate propagiert, die neben den Reizelektroden auch Messkanäle haben, die eine elektrophysiologische Bestimmung der Spontan- und stimulierten Aktivität der elektrodennahen Neurone in der Netzhaut erlauben ( Montes et al, 2019 ; Walter, 2016 ).…”

Section: Neue Ansätzeunclassified

“…Die künstliche Sehwahrnehmung erfolgt durch eine elektrische Stimulation von Neuronen im visuellen System, wobei die Stimulationselektroden an verschiedene Orte des Sehsystems implantiert werden können ( Ayton et al, 2020 P. Walter, 2016 ).…”

Section: Begriffsbestimmung „Künstliches Sehen“unclassified

Innovative Technologien für optimiertes künstliches Sehen

Walter¹

2022

Laryngorhinootologie

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ZusammenfassungTrotz deutlicher Fortschritte in der Therapie schwerer Augenerkrankungen können bestimmte Formen der Erblindung bis heute nicht geheilt oder gebessert werden. Dazu gehört beispielsweise die Retinitis pigmentosa, eine erbliche Degeneration der Photorezeptoren. Technologieansätze mit implantierbaren Sehprothesen, deren Prinzip in einer elektrischen Stimulation verbleibender Nervenzellen in der Retina oder im Cortex, wurden bereits bei einer Reihe von Patienten mit begrenzten Ergebnissen erprobt. Neue Befunde in der Biologie der Erkrankungen aber auch neue technologische Entwicklungen machen hier Hoffnung auf bessere Ergebnisse in der Zukunft.

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“…Copyright © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel Hereditary dystrophies of the outer retina such as retinitis pigmentosa lead to progressive visual loss and often result in complete blindness of the patient. Until now it has not been possible to halt disease progression [1] . For the purpose of visual rehabilitation of those affected, the development of an artificial visual prosthesis is being aimed at.…”

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confidence: 99%

Surgical Results and Microscopic Analysis of the Tissue Reaction following Implantation and Explantation of an Intraocular Implant for Epiretinal Stimulation in Minipigs

et al. 2011

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Aims: For the purpose of visual rehabilitation of subjects with photoreceptor degeneration, an implantable microelectronic device for epiretinal stimulation was developed. Our study aimed to show whether implantation and explantation could be conducted safely and to investigate tissue compatibility. Methods: The device was implanted in 5 Göttinger minipigs. Four weeks later, the implant was surgical- ly removed. Histopathological examination that followed aimed at detecting inflammatory or proliferative changes. Stains used were hematoxylin and eosin, leukocyte common antigen, CD68 and glial fibrillary acidic protein. A grinding technique was used to visualize the retinal tissue in conjunction with the retinal tacks. Results: The implantation of the devices was successful in all cases. The explantation was complicated by intraoperative hemorrhages. Complete explantation could only be achieved after modifying the implantation strategy. Histopathology revealed a mild degree of cystic disaggregation of the retina. Immunohistochemically, an increased glial fibrillary acidic protein expression of Müller cells was found, which shows a moderate glial cell activation. Inflammatory cells were absent. Using the grinding technique, tissue adjacent to the retinal tacks showed a mild gliosis. Discussion: The viability of implantation and explantation of the implant in minipigs has been shown. The absence of immunoreactive cells or a considerable glial reaction suggest that the device may be considered safe and suitable for further implantation in humans.

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Elektronische Sehprothesen

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Attaining higher resolution visual prosthetics: a review of the factors and limitations

Attaining higher resolution visual prosthetics: a review of the factors and limitations

Innovative Technologien für optimiertes künstliches Sehen

Surgical Results and Microscopic Analysis of the Tissue Reaction following Implantation and Explantation of an Intraocular Implant for Epiretinal Stimulation in Minipigs

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