Elektrische Klein- und Leichtfahrzeuge – Mobilitätskonzepte mit Zukunftspotenzial?

Abstract

Elektrische Klein- und Leichtfahrzeuge (LEV – Light Electric Vehicle) bieten Potenzial für eine nachhaltige Mobilität, sind jedoch heutzutage kaum verbreitet. Der Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht zu verfügbaren Fahrzeugmodellen, technischen Eigenschaften, rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen der Nutzung und Einsatzmöglichkeiten im Personen- und Wirtschaftsverkehr. Die vorgestellten Ergebnisse zu Chancen und Potenzialen von LEV wurden im Rahmen einer Studie im Auftrag der Landesagentur für neue Mobilitätslösungen und Automotive Baden-Württemberg, e-mobil BW, erarbeitet, die im Herbst 2019 veröffentlicht wird.

An Energy Efficiency Comparison of Electric Vehicles for Rural–Urban Logistics

“…They range in variety from specially developed research vehicles [14,15] to models already available on the market from well-known vehicle manufacturers. A collection of some small electrical vehicles is given by Brost et al [16].…”

Small and Light Electric Vehicles: An Analysis of Feasible Transport Impacts and Opportunities for Improved Urban Land Use

“…In general, LEVs occupy considerably less parking space than cars. In contrast to statistical data on cars, information on LEVs is scarce [49][50][51] and the variety of models is large, including three-wheel and four-wheel vehicles. Therefore, dimensions of typical four-wheeled LEVs are used instead of average values of the vehicle class in order to give an impression of size.…”

Small Electric Vehicles in Commercial Transportation: Empirical Study on Acceptance, Adoption Criteria and Economic and Ecological Impact on a Company Level

“…Between 2000 and 2017, the number of courier, express, and parcel deliveries (CEP) in Germany doubled from 1.7 to 3.4 billion and, according to estimates, these are expected to increase further to 5 billion deliveries by 2025 [6]. In this context, the potential use of SEVs in commercial transportation and in the CEP industry in particular is a subject of increasing interest [5,7]. SEVs are much smaller compared to conventional delivery vans or trucks and require less space while in traffic or parking.…”

“…While there are already a number of SEVs on city streets in private transport, they are still the exception for commercial transport services. The total user potential for commercial transport in Germany has already been estimated, for example, by Brost et al [7], using data from the mobility survey "Mobility in Germany (MiD) 2017". However, this analysis based on so-called "regular professional trips" only allows an estimation of the maximum technically possible potential (such as driving range or load volume).…”

“…However, this analysis based on so-called "regular professional trips" only allows an estimation of the maximum technically possible potential (such as driving range or load volume). Furthermore, it is important to note that company-specific criteria have a decisive influence on the user potential [7]. This contribution therefore focuses on a company-specific analysis of user potential.…”