Electrotechnology as One of the Most Advanced Branches in the Agricultural Production Development

Baev, Viktor Ivanovich; Yudaev, I. V.; Petrukhin, V. A.; Baev, Ivan Viktorovich; Prokofyev, Petr Victorovich; Armyanov, N.

doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-3867-7.ch007

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…A promising way of such variant of stimulation of grafting is its "soldering", organised by means of low-density DC current directly through the contact of the scion with the scion, which allows one to increase the successful grafting up to 60% [14], as well as to extend the terms of the grafting operation and weaken the influence of climatic factors on the grafting of the scion [15]. This method is used in the traditional grafting operation of grafting a scion onto a scion with a protective winding applied to the grafting site.…”

Section: Results and Their Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-technological operations with planting material in horticulture and forest protection plantations

Petrukhin,

Yudaev,

Ivushkin

et al. 2024

BIO Web Conf.

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The presented analysis of the conducted research allows us to speak about the possibility of a wide and technologically effective application of electro-technological operations for the preparation of healthy seedlings in the interests of horticulture, agroforestry and ornamental gardening. The use of electrophysical effects allows one to achieve high planned efficiency in the growth and development of seedlings of woody plants and splicing grafts of horticultural crops. This minimises negative anthropogenic impact on the environment and reduce the total cost of preparation of planting material. The tasks outlined in the first part can be achieved by using electrostimulation of shrub and tree seeds in the electric field of alternating high voltage, with subsequent growing of seedlings from them in a climatic chamber specially made for these purposes for afterglow. There, the optimal regime for their development and growth is created. The issues of fruit-tree grafting survival were studied separately. To solve this problem, the modes of active influence on the grafting place by electric current by means of specially made applied electrodes were studied. The voltage supply to the electrodes ensured the direct current flow through the grafting site with the required density not damaging plant tissues from 0.25 to 1.50 μA/mm2. The duration of such treatment aimed at achieving a positive effect of grafting is 7…10 days, as for example, the grafting of seed woody crops. The researched method can be recommended as an effective technological operation for grafting grapevine or a grafting place of cultural rose cuttings with local “native rosehip that are most resistant to external influences..

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Section: Results and Their Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-technological operations with planting material in horticulture and forest protection plantations

Petrukhin,

Yudaev,

Ivushkin

et al. 2024

BIO Web Conf.

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“…Of all the types of electrophysical effects on objects of plant origin, electro impulse supply of electrical energy to the plants is considered not only safe from the point of view of food and environmental aspects, technologically effective, but also an energy-saving measure. [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usage of high voltage impulse generator to research the process of electropulse destruction of locust larvae in the soil

Yudaev

Kokurin

Eviev

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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In accordance with announced technology, a laboratory research complex is needed for researching the influence of electropulse effects on locust larvae (capsules) and identification of the processing modes and construction design required to cause their irreversible (fatal) damage. In this regard, a schematic diagram of a laboratory research complex for electropulse processing has been developed and its structure has been determined. A separate question concerned a source of high voltage and a shaper of high-voltage impulses. A special design of a high-voltage impulse generator has been developed. This design can produce impact impulses of various durations - the impulse duration depends on the capacitive storage; with maximum amplitude of 16 kV and current per impulse of up to 400 A. The generator uses a capacitive storage discharge through a thyratron controlled by a microcontroller to the load. The proposed high-voltage impulse generator is necessary for researching the effect of electropulse high-voltage technology on the irreversible damage of locust larvae located in the soil layer, and for the experimental identification of the operating modes of the electrical part of the designed electrotechnological system, which allows for destruction of locust capsules directly in the field. The designed high-voltage generator was tested in operational mode when working with a load, which was the soil volume placed between the electrodes in the working chamber. The shape of the operational impulse and its parameters comply with predefined characteristics for electropulse cultivation of soil massif with locust larvae (capsules). After the tests, minor structural adjustments were made, and the generator itself was prepared for experimental studies in the laboratory.

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“…5.78 ВВЕДЕНИЕ Сегодня интенсивно внедряются разнообразные электротехнологические операции в такие отрасли экономики, как сельское хозяйство, пищевая и перерабатывающая промышленность, позволяя повысить технологическую эффективность, свести к минимуму экологическое негативное воздействие, добиться высокого качества и продовольственной безопасности готовых продуктов, а также производимых полуфабрикатов и сырья. Применение воздействий электрической природы позволяет стимулировать проращивание семян, собирать высокого качества урожай, бороться с вредной микрофлорой и болезнями при хранении растениеводческой продукции, увеличить выход готовой продукции, не снижая ее качества, обеззараживать и пастеризовать продукцию сельскохозяйственного производства, а также уничтожать сорную и нежелательную растительность, прореживать посевы культурных растений [1][2][3][4][5][6]. При всем этом добиться максимальной эффективности в технологических процессах сельского хозяйства и при производстве продо-вольствия можно, используя для этого высоковольтные импульсные воздействия электрической природы [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

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“…Применение воздействий электрической природы позволяет стимулировать проращивание семян, собирать высокого качества урожай, бороться с вредной микрофлорой и болезнями при хранении растениеводческой продукции, увеличить выход готовой продукции, не снижая ее качества, обеззараживать и пастеризовать продукцию сельскохозяйственного производства, а также уничтожать сорную и нежелательную растительность, прореживать посевы культурных растений [1][2][3][4][5][6]. При всем этом добиться максимальной эффективности в технологических процессах сельского хозяйства и при производстве продо-вольствия можно, используя для этого высоковольтные импульсные воздействия электрической природы [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

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“…Одной из операций растениеводства, в которой необходимо существенно повысить уровень экологической безопасности, сократив до необходимого минимума использование ядохимикалиев, и добиться максимальной технологической эффективности, является борьба с сорными растениями. Именно применение электрических воздействий против нежелательной растительности в посевах и посадках культурных растений, а также при поддержании в чистоте паровых земель позволяет решить обозначенные проблемы и задачи [2,6,7].…”

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Change Character of Electric Conductive Properties of Weeds Plants Tissue at Electric Impulse Damage

Yudaev¹,

Daus²

2021

EOM

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Currently, in order to obtain pre-planned results and increase the efficiency of using existing technologies, electrotechnological operations are applied in the processes of agricultural production, food and processing industries, including those that implement the effects of high voltage impulses. One of such promising technologies in agriculture can be considered to be electric impulse weeding that is the fight against unwanted and weed vegetation. Such operation, which is carried out with high rates of technological efficiency, is environmentally friendly and refers to high-tech processes. For practical applications and technical implementations, it is necessary to study various properties and parameters of effected objects – weeds. The partial dependence of the electrical resistance of the plant tissue or the dispersion of resistance over the frequency of the measuring current was decided to be used as the studied characteristic. This approach allows to consider weeds not only as a load with which the electrical energy supply system is in contact but also to thoroughly study how this resistance changes during processing. The conducted experimental studies made it possible to clarify the nature of the change in resistance under the damage process to plant tissue, as well as to estimate the quantitative indicators of both the energy absorbed by the plant tissue and the ranges of variations of its resistance. The change character in the plant tissue resistance at the process of the electrical impulse damage remains unchanged, only the resistance value at low frequencies decreases. The total damage corresponds to the period of processing when the resistance of the plant tissue is practically equal at low and high frequencies. This behavior of the mentioned parameter is typical for internal and surface tissues of weeds, as well as for their root systems and leaf-stem parts. Theoretical verification of the change character in the plant tissue resistance of destroyed weeds confirmed the description of the proposed mechanism of change in resistance in the process of irreversible electrical impulse damage.

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Electrotechnology as One of the Most Advanced Branches in the Agricultural Production Development

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Electro-technological operations with planting material in horticulture and forest protection plantations

Electro-technological operations with planting material in horticulture and forest protection plantations

Usage of high voltage impulse generator to research the process of electropulse destruction of locust larvae in the soil

Change Character of Electric Conductive Properties of Weeds Plants Tissue at Electric Impulse Damage

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