Electrostimulation mapping of comprehension of auditory and visual words

Roux, Franck‐Emmanuel; Miskin, Krasimir; Durand, Jean-Baptiste; Sacko, Oumar; Réhault, Emilie; Tanova, R.; Démonet, Jean‐François

doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2015.07.001

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The stimulation could be located on a functional area without the sensation reaching the patient's consciousness, a phenomenon described in language mappings (Roux et al . ). Clinical information (and further scientific data) could thus have been missed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Functional architecture of the somatosensory homunculus detected by electrostimulation

Roux

Djidjeli

Durand

2018

The Journal of Physiology

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128

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In this prospective electrostimulation study, based on 50 operated patients with no sensory deficit and no brain lesion in the postcentral gyrus, we acquired coordinates in the standard MNI space of the functional areas of the somatosensory homunculus. The 3D brain volume of each patient was normalized to that space to obtain the MNI coordinates of the stimulation site locations. For 647 sites stimulated on Brodmann Area 1 (and 1025 in gyri nearby), 258 positive points for somatosensory response (40%) were found in the postcentral gyrus. In the contralateral BA1, the hand representation displayed not only medial-to-lateral and little-finger-to-thumb somatotopy, but also rostral-to-caudal discrete somatotopy, with the tip of each finger located more caudally than the proximal phalanx. We detected a medial-to-lateral, tip-to-base tongue organization but no rostral-to-caudal functional organization. The analysis of the MNI body coordinates showed rare inter-individual variations in the medial-to-lateral somatotopic organization in these patients with intact somatosensory cortex. Positive stimulations were detected through the 'on/off' outbreak effect and discriminative touch sensations were the sensations reported almost exclusively by all patients during stimulation. Mean hand (2.39 mA) and tongue (2.60 mA) positive intensity thresholds were lower (P < 0.05) than the intensities required to elicit sensations in the other parts of the body. Unlike the previous, seminal works of Penfield and colleagues, we detected no sensations such as sense of movement or desire to move, no somatosensory responses outside the postcentral gyrus, and no bilateral responses for face/tongue stimulations. We propose a rationalization of the standard drawing of the somatosensory homunculus according to MNI space.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Functional architecture of the somatosensory homunculus detected by electrostimulation

Roux

Djidjeli

Durand

2018

The Journal of Physiology

Self Cite

128

119

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“…This includes evidence from functional imaging (Binder et al, 2000;DeWitt & Rauschecker, 2012;Okada & Hickok, 2006;Okada et al, 2010), phonological-level speech decoding via direct cortical recordings (Moses et al, 2016;Pasley et al, 2012), and interference using direct cortical stimulation (Roux et al, 2015). This work has been reviewed extensively in the articles cited here and will not be discussed further.…”

Section: Syntax 14mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cortical Organization of Syntax

2019

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Syntax, the structure of sentences, enables humans to express an infinite range of meanings through finite means. The neurobiology of syntax has been intensely studied but with little consensus. Two main candidate regions have been identified: the posterior inferior frontal gyrus (pIFG) and the posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG). Integrating research in linguistics, psycholinguistics, and neuroscience, we propose a neuroanatomical framework for syntax that attributes distinct syntactic computations to these regions in a unified model. The key theoretical advances are adopting a modern lexicalized view of syntax in which the lexicon and syntactic rules are intertwined, and recognizing a computational asymmetry in the role of syntax during comprehension and production. Our model postulates a hierarchical lexical-syntactic function to the pMTG, which interconnects previously identified speech perception and conceptual-semantic systems in the temporal and inferior parietal lobes, crucial for both sentence production and comprehension. These relational hierarchies are transformed via the pIFG into morpho-syntactic sequences, primarily tied to production. We show how this architecture provides a better account of the full range of data and is consistent with recent proposals regarding the organization of phonological processes in the brain.

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“…conclUsions The authors suggest that monitoring NWR intraoperatively may complement the standard naming tasks and could permit better preservation of the important language production functions subserved by the AF. production, 12,13 comprehension and semantic processing, 45 semantic and phonological fluency, 2,54 sentence processing, 42 reading, 44 and writing. 30 However, these tasks are mostly designed for ESM procedures at the cortical level, and in most cases the treated lesions do not only affect the cortex but also infiltrate the deep white matter, disturbing crucial subcortical connectivity.…”

Section: Words Are Not Enough: Nonword Repetition As An Indicator Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Words are not enough: nonword repetition as an indicator of arcuate fasciculus integrity during brain tumor resection

Sierpowska

Gabarrós

Fernández-Coello

et al. 2017

JNS

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OBJECTIVE Subcortical electrical stimulation during brain surgery may allow localization of functionally crucial white matter fibers and thus tailoring of the tumor resection according to its functional limits. The arcuate fasciculus (AF) is a white matter bundle connecting frontal, temporal, and parietal cortical areas that is often disrupted by left brain lesions. It plays a critical role in several cognitive functions related to phonological processing, but current intraoperative monitoring methods do not yet allow mapping of this tract with sufficient precision. In the present study the authors aimed to test a new paradigm for the intraoperative monitoring of the AF. METHODS In this report, the authors studied 12 patients undergoing awake brain surgery for tumor resection with a related risk of AF damage. To preserve AF integrity and the cognitive processes sustained by this tract in the intraoperative context, the authors used real word repetition (WR) and nonword repetition (NWR) tasks as complements to standard picture naming. RESULTS Compared with the errors identified by WR or picture naming, the NWR task allowed the detection of subtle errors possibly related to AF alterations. Moreover, only 3 patients demonstrated phonological paraphasias in standard picture naming, and in 2 of these patients the paraphasias co-occurred with the total loss of WR and NWR ability. Before surgery, lesion volume predicted a patient's NWR performance. CONCLUSIONS The authors suggest that monitoring NWR intraoperatively may complement the standard naming tasks and could permit better preservation of the important language production functions subserved by the AF.

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Electrostimulation mapping of comprehension of auditory and visual words

Cited by 38 publications

References 69 publications

Functional architecture of the somatosensory homunculus detected by electrostimulation

Functional architecture of the somatosensory homunculus detected by electrostimulation

The Cortical Organization of Syntax

Words are not enough: nonword repetition as an indicator of arcuate fasciculus integrity during brain tumor resection

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