Electrostatic Tactile Display Using Beat Phenomenon for Stimulus Localization

Abstract

SUMMARYWe present an electrostatic tactile display for stimulus localization. The 240-Hz electrostatic force was generated by the beat phenomenon in a region where excited X electrodes cross excited Y electrodes, which presents localized tactile sensation out of the entire surface. A 10.4-in. visual-tactile integrated display was successfully demonstrated. key words: tactile display, electrostatic force, beat phenomenon, multi touch, user experience

Evaluation of Multi-Electrode Effects on Electrovibration Tactile Stimulation

“…[11][12][13][14] Recently, the number of reports, which demonstrated the device or application with electrovibration, has increased since devices with touch screen have become popular. [15][16][17][18][19][20] For example, Tang et al integrated an electrovibration tactile display into a tablet device. [21] From these reports, it is confirmed that the electrovibration tactile display has the potential to present not only surface shape but also tactile sensation.…”

Visual display with multi-finger tactile interaction

“…Our measurements show that the detection threshold voltage (i.e., the minimum voltage amplitude that creates a barely detectable sensation for the user) is lower than 20V at a frequency of 200Hz, and higher than 40V at 1000Hz. 6,7 Based on these findings, we selected a frequency of 1000Hz for f 1 (i.e., the Yelectrode excitation) and 1240Hz for f 2 (i.e., the X-electrode excitation). Hence, users perceive localized tactile sensation in a region where excited X electrodes cross excited Y electrodes.…”

“…Figure 2(c) shows calculated waveforms of V p and F total , where V 1 and V 2 are sinusoidal waves with a frequency of 1000 and 1240Hz, respectively. 6,7 The envelope of F total has a Continued on next page 10.1117/2.1201611.006686 Page 2/3 frequency of 240Hz (i.e., the beat frequency that arises as a result of the combination of the frequencies of V 1 and V 2 , f 1 and f 2 ). This attractive force is not enough to be felt alone, but a dynamic friction fluctuation is induced when a finger slides across the touch surface.…”

Capacitive touchscreen‐integrated electrostatic tactile display with localized sensation

“…The authors previously reported an electrostatic tactile display that produces stimulation in regions to accommodate multi‐touch or multi‐person tactile interaction, as shown in Figure (left). A 240‐Hz electrostatic force was generated by the beat phenomenon in a region where X electrodes excited by 1000‐Hz cross Y electrodes excited by 1240 Hz, creating a localized tactile sensation out of the entire surface.…”

“…This method relies on the difference in friction forces to produce a localized sensation. In comparison, the method that the authors have reported uses not only the difference in friction forces but also the difference in friction frequency that affects the sensitivity of our mechanoreceptors, which has the potential to increase the contrast of the tactile sensation.…”