Electrostatic solitary structures associated with the November 10, 2003, interplanetary shock at 8.7 AU

Williams, John; Chen, Li‐Jen; Kurth, W. S.; Gurnett, D. A.; Dougherty, M. K.; Rymer, A. M.

doi:10.1029/2005gl023079

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This observation is similar to what Pickett et al [2004] reported for a survey of solitary structures in the Earth plasma environment. This behavior is shared by solitary waves observed at an interplanetary shock at 8.7 AU [ Williams et al , 2005]. The two hour period of time shortly after periapsis showed the largest observation rate of solitary structures of the entire study period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Electrostatic solitary structures observed at Saturn

Williams

Chen

Kurth

et al. 2006

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] We report observations of electric field solitary structures, measured by the Cassini Radio and Plasma Wave Science (RPWS) instrument in the vicinity of Saturn's magnetosphere with ambient magnetic fields that range from $0.1 nT to 8000 nT. The peak-to-peak electric field amplitudes of the observed solitary structures range from a few mV/m to 10 mV/m and show a slight trend toward larger amplitude electric field pulses being associated with larger ambient magnetic fields. The time durations of the pulses range from a few hundred ms to a few 10's of milliseconds. The solitary waves appear in plasma boundary regions or in regions with abrupt changes in the magnetic field. The solitary waves tend to be observed when the dipole antenna is aligned with the magnetic field. Citation: Williams, J.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Electrostatic solitary structures observed at Saturn

Williams

Chen

Kurth

et al. 2006

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…EHs are nonlinear plasma modes existing due to electrons trapped within EH electrostatic potential [Gurevich, 1968;Schamel, 1982;Krasovsky et al, 2003]. Spacecraft have revealed EHs in the auroral region [Ergun et al, 1998;Franz et al, 2000Franz et al, , 2005, reconnecting current sheets [Matsumoto et al, 1994;Cattell et al, 2002;Malaspina et al, 2013;Mozer et al, 2016a], flow braking region [Deng et al, 2010;Ergun et al, 2015], collisionless shocks [Bale et al, 1998;Williams et al, 2005;Wilson et al, 2007], and even in the Kronian magnetosphere [Williams et al, 2006;Pickett et al, 2015]. Norgren et al [2015] have reported EHs observed sequentially at two Cluster spacecraft spatially separated by about 30 km along the background magnetic field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron holes in the outer radiation belt: Characteristics and their role in electron energization

et al. 2017

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Van Allen Probes have detected electron holes (EHs) around injection fronts in the outer radiation belt. Presumably generated near equator, EHs propagate to higher latitudes potentially resulting in energization of electrons trapped within EHs. This process has been recently shown to provide electrons with energies up to several tens of keV and requires EH propagation up to rather high latitudes. We have analyzed more than 100 EHs observed around a particular injection to determine their kinetic structure and potential energy sources supporting the energization of trapped electrons. EHs propagate with velocities from 1000 to 20,000 km/s (a few times larger than the thermal velocity of the coldest background electron population). The parallel scale of observed EHs is from 0.3 to 3 km that is of the order of hundred Debye lengths. The perpendicular to parallel scale ratio is larger than one in a qualitative agreement with the theoretical scaling relation. The amplitudes of EH electrostatic potentials are generally below 100 V. We determine the properties of the electron population trapped within EHs by making use of the Bernstein‐Green‐Kruskal analysis and via analysis of EH magnetic field signatures. The density of the trapped electron population is on average 20% of the background electron density. The perpendicular temperature of the trapped population is on average 300 eV and is larger for faster EHs. We show that energy losses of untrapped electrons scattered by EHs in the inhomogeneous background magnetic field may balance the energization of trapped electrons.

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“…Henceforth, observations have been made by a multitude of missions in many regions of space, for example, at the Earth's magnetopause [Matsumoto et al, 2003;Graham et al, 2015], magnetosheath [Pickett et al, 2008], auroral acceleration regions [Cattell et al, 1999], plasma sheet boundary layer [Cattell et al, 1999;Franz et al, 1998], and magnetotail [Khotyaintsev et al, 2010], during magnetic reconnection [Viberg et al, 2013] and sometimes having a magnetic component [Andersson et al, 2009;Tao et al, 2011]. They have also been observed and studied in the solar wind [Malaspina et al, 2013], at interplanetary shocks [Williams et al, 2005], and in laboratories in connection with magnetic reconnection [Fox et al, 2008] and beam injections [Lefebvre et al, 2010]. The latter clearly show a spatial thermalization of the injected beam which is unstable to electron hole generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slow electron phase space holes: Magnetotail observations

Norgren

André

Vaivads

et al. 2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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We report multispacecraft observations of slow electrostatic solitary waves in the plasma sheet boundary layer. The electrostatic solitary waves are embedded in a region with field‐aligned electron flows and are interpreted as electron phase space holes. We make unambiguous velocity and length estimates of the electron holes, vEH∼500 km/s and l||∼2–4λDe, where l|| is the parallel half width. We do not detect any magnetic signature of the holes. The electrostatic potentials of the holes are of the order eϕ/kBTe∼10%, indicating that they can affect electron motion and further couple the electron and ion dynamics.

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Electrostatic solitary structures associated with the November 10, 2003, interplanetary shock at 8.7 AU

Cited by 34 publications

References 22 publications

Electrostatic solitary structures observed at Saturn

Electrostatic solitary structures observed at Saturn

Electron holes in the outer radiation belt: Characteristics and their role in electron energization

Slow electron phase space holes: Magnetotail observations

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