Electrostatic Self-assembly of 0D–2D SnO2 Quantum Dots/Ti3C2Tx MXene Hybrids as Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS • 0D-2D SnO 2 quantum dots/MXene (SnO 2 QDs/MXene) hybrids were synthesized by electrostatic self-assembly. • MXene not only provides efficient pathways for fast transport of electrons and Li ions, but also buffers the volume change of SnO 2 during charge/discharge process. • The 0D-2D SnO 2 QDs/MXene hybrids deliver high capacity, excellent cycle and rate performances as anode of lithium-ion batteries. ABSTRACT MXenes, a new family of two-dimensional (2D) materials with excellent electronic conductivity and hydrophilicity, have shown distinctive advantages as a highly conductive matrix material for lithium-ion battery anodes. Herein, a facile electrostatic self-assembly of SnO 2 quantum dots (QDs) on Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene sheets is proposed. The as-prepared SnO 2 /MXene hybrids have a unique 0D-2D structure, in which the 0D SnO 2 QDs (~ 4.7 nm) are uniformly distributed over 2D Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene sheets with controllable loading amount. The SnO 2 QDs serve as a high capacity provider and the "spacer" to prevent the MXene sheets from restacking; the highly conductive Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene can not only provide efficient pathways for fast transport of electrons and Li ions, but also buffer the volume change of SnO 2 during lithiation/delithiation by confining SnO 2 QDs between the MXene nanosheets. Therefore, the 0D-2D SnO 2 QDs/MXene hybrids deliver superior lithium storage properties with high capacity (887.4 mAh g −1 at 50 mA g −1), stable cycle performance (659.8 mAh g −1 at 100 mA g −1 after 100 cycles with a capacity retention of 91%) and excellent rate performance (364 mAh g −1 at 3 A g −1), making it a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries.

Low-Temperature Growing Anatase TiO2/SnO2 Multi-dimensional Heterojunctions at MXene Conductive Network for High-Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

“…2c-g, respectively. These uniform elemental distributions can be attributed to the SnO 2 particles effectively spacing the MXene sheets [42] and indicate that the uniform Ti and C doping from MXene precursor.…”

“…Among these methods, the anneal is relatively economical. The resultant MXene-based anatase TiO 2 is potential to promote the PCE of SnO 2 -based PSCs by forming TiO 2 /SnO 2 heterojunction and conductive MXene pathways, because it is reported that the stack of MXene sheets can be prevented by the SnO 2 QDs as "spacer", and the highly conductive Ti 3 C 2 T X MXene can provide efficient pathways for fast transport of electrons [42]. However, the annealing temperature for MXene-based anatase TiO 2 is higher than that for SnO 2 in lowtemperature fabrication.…”

2D MXenes as Co-catalysts in Photocatalysis: Synthetic Methods

“…MXenes, comprising transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, are a new family of two-dimensional (2D) materials that have attracted much attention in recent years [2]. The general formula of MXene is M n+1 X n (n = 1, 2, 3), where M represents a transition metal, such as Sc, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, and Mo, while X represents C and/or N. Owing to their unique structure and superior photoelectronic properties, layered structure MXenes show various potential applications in different areas, such as energy storage [3,[33][34][35][36][37][38], electromagnetic interference shielding [39,40], gas sensors [41], wireless communication [42], water treatment [43,44], solar cells [45][46][47], and catalysis [41,[48][49][50][51]. 2D MXenes are being increasingly studied in the past few years, as evidenced by the rapidly increasing number of scientific articles published per year (Fig.…”

Electrostatically Assembling 2D Nanosheets of MXene and MOF‐Derivatives into 3D Hollow Frameworks for Enhanced Lithium Storage

“…However, the multiple procedures including surface modification and post‐removal of the template are typically required, making the preparation process complicated, costly, and inefficient. Very recently, SnO 2 quantum dots, nanosized Ag particles, TiO 2 nanorods, MoS 2 nanosheets, and Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were hybridized with MXene forming powder‐like materials in order to partially alleviate MXene restacking and simultaneously contribute additional capacity for lithium storage. Nevertheless, the state‐of‐the‐art hybridization approaches, such as hydro/solvothermal and refluxing, inevitably lead to the severe oxidation of MXene, resulting in surface passivation and decreased electrical conductivity.…”