Electrostatic properties of UV‐irradiated and surface‐grafted polymers

Uyama, Yoshikimi; Ikada, Yoshito

doi:10.1002/app.1990.070410313

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, there is much interest in the surface modification of polymers to create different and new applications. [1][2][3] Modified polymer surfaces have a number of improved properties, such as adhesion, [4][5][6] hydrophilicity, 7 antistatic nature, 8 wearability, 9,10 dyeing ability, 11 and biocompatibility. 12 The graft polymerization of monomers onto the surfaces of polymers is one of the main efficient processes for inducing modification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface functionalization of polyolefin films via the ultraviolet‐induced photografting of acrylic acid: Topographical characterization and ability for binding antifungal agents

Costamagna¹,

Wunderlin²,

Larrañaga³

et al. 2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The photoinduced graft copolymerization of acrylic acid with ultraviolet radiation onto films of poly (vinyl chloride), polypropylene, and polyethylene was studied. Benzophenone was used as the initiator for most of the experiments performed. The percentage of grafting was determined by gravimetric measurements, and the characterization of the grafted films was carried out by chemical analysis (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, volumetric titration, and dye adsorption). In all samples, the grafted yield increased with the ultraviolet exposure time. High levels of grafting were obtained at room temperature. In addition, optical and atomic force microscopy allowed the topography of the modified films to be studied as a function of the reaction time. The pendant functional groups that were grafted were then used to bind antifungal agents, such as natamycin and crystal violet, and the antifungal properties of the films were demonstrated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface functionalization of polyolefin films via the ultraviolet‐induced photografting of acrylic acid: Topographical characterization and ability for binding antifungal agents

Costamagna¹,

Wunderlin²,

Larrañaga³

et al. 2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…In fact, we observed a significant change of electrostatic charging of polymers by their surface oxidation [24]. As is well known, surface oxidation renders the polymer surfaces more hydrophilic, and it is likely that a more hydrophilic surface has a higher antistatic propensity.…”

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confidence: 78%

“…The triboelectrification potential was measured after rubbing with a cotton fabric for 60 seconds at a rate of 565 cm/second with a rotary static tester (Kyodai Kaken type Koa Shokai Co., Ltd., Kyoto), whose structure was illustrated elsewhere [24]. The half-life of the generated electrostatic potential was measured after an electrostatic charge at 10 kV to the PET fabric (45 X 45 mm') for 30 seconds with a static honestometer (Shisido Shokai Co., Ltd., Tokyo).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antistatic Properties of Surface-Modified Polyester Fabrics

Uchida

Uyama

Ikada

1991

Textile Research Journal

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A poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabric was modified by UV-induced graft polymerization of water-soluble monomers to make the hydrophobic surface permanently hydrophilic without altering the bulk properties. The monomers were nonionic, anionic, and cationic. The antistatic properties of the modified PET fabrics were studied by measuring the triboelectrostatic potential generated upon rubbing with a cotton fabric, the decay time of the electrostatic potential given by a high voltage application to the PET fabric, and the surface electric resistance. The antistatic properties were significantly improved by graft polymerization onto the surface region of PET fibers. The accumulated electrostatic charge was much smaller and disappeared much more rapidly when the PET fabric was grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (the average degree of polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) is 9) than with any other monomers studied. The acquired antistatic properties were maintained without significant loss after washing and storage.' On leave from Kacho Junior College, Kyoto, Japan.2 To whom correspondence should be addressed. A large number of workers have attempted to improve the poor antistatic properties of fabrics using various methods [7,15,17,25,26,29,30]. The mechanism for generating triboelectric charges is still controversial and, in addition, it remains unclear whether the electric charge carrier is electrons, ions, or both. According to Montgomery and Loeb, the carrier might be electrons [9,12], whereas Harper assumes that the carrier is not entirely electrons if the charged material is strictly an insulator [ 1 ]. According to Shaw [ 16], the triboelectric charging is greatly influenced by the manner of rubbing. Lowell studied the dependence of triboelectric generation on the friction speed [ 10]. Lewis noted that atmospheric conditions such as temperature and humidity will play a great role in the electrification of a surface [8]. Many efforts have been made to minimize the accumulation of electrostatic charge [27], including the addition of surfactants, blending of hydrophilic polymers, copolymerization of hydrophilic monomers, and surface modifications by physical coating and chemical reactions such as oxidation [2, 3, 5, 6, 1 l, '.4]. Almost all of these methods are associated with drawbacks, however, such as low durability, poor washing resistance, deterioration of bulk properties, bad handling, and high cost. Surface modifications of polyester have been achieved using various methods such as alkalin treatments [13,28]. We have been working on surface modifications of a variety of polymers by graft polymerization of hydrophilic monomers [4,18,19,20,21,22,23]. In an eariier paper, we found that the surface of polyester films was effectively graft-polymerizzed if UV light was irradiated onto the films under immersion in an aqueous solution of monomers at room temperature [20]. Moreover, we could show that the surface graft polymerization was realized without any nitrogen bubbling or degassing process...

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“…[8][9] photochemically-induced radical process. [10][11][12][13][14][15] The Initiation of graft copolymerization of the Ikada group 10,11 has reported the grafting of N,Nmonomer onto the polymeric substrate has been dimethylacrylamide and acrylamide onto a polyaccomplished both by photoinitiation, using the styrene film and a poly(ethylene terephthalate) chemical decomposition of hydroperoxides formed film. They have measured only the change in surthrough the anthracene photosensitized formaface properties, contact angle and electrostatic tion of singlet oxygen, [1][2][3][4][5][6] and by chemical initiaproperties, and there is no direct indication of tion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The % addon was calculated both by mass increase and from Ikada 10,11 and Ranby 12-15 who both report graft copolymerization can occur by radical processes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%