“…Films made from the di-sodium salt of fluorescein and strong polycations like poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDDA) or poly(vinyl benzyl chloride) quaternized with N , N -dimethyl ethanolamine (PVBAC) have been successfully deposited despite the low charge of dye, 2 elementary charges [ 27 ]. The same holds true for the deposition of the anionic squarylium dye and the cationic polyelectrolyte PDADMAC [ 28 ]. Usually the layer-by-layer deposition is not possible when using polyelectrolytes of weak charge density [ 29 ].…”
Section: Use Of Charged Organic Dyes In the Layering Processmentioning
confidence: 90%
“…The same holds true for the deposition of the anionic squarylium dye and the cationic polyelectrolyte PDADMAC [28]. Usually the layer-by-layer deposition is not possible when using polyelectrolytes of weak charge density [29].…”
Section: Use Of Charged Organic Dyes In the Layering Processmentioning
Polyelectrolyte multilayer films are a versatile functionalization method of surfaces and rely on the alternated adsorption of oppositely charged species. Among such species, charged dyes can also be alternated with oppositely charged polymers, which is challenging from a fundamental point of view, because polyelectrolytes require a minimal number of charges, whereas even monovalent dyes can be incorporated during the alternated adsorption process. We will not only focus on organic dyes but also on their inorganic counterparts and on metal complexes. Such films offer plenty of possible applications in dye sensitized solar cells. In addition, dyes are massively used in the textile industry and in histology to stain textile fibers or tissues. However, the excess of non bound dyes poses serious environmental problems. It is hence of the highest interest to design materials able to adsorb such dyes in an almost irreversible manner. Polyelectrolyte multilayer films, owing to their ion exchange behavior can be useful for such a task allowing for impressive overconcentration of dyes with respect to the dye in solution. The actual state of knowledge of the interactions between charged dyes and adsorbed polyelectrolytes is the focus of this review article.
“…Films made from the di-sodium salt of fluorescein and strong polycations like poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDDA) or poly(vinyl benzyl chloride) quaternized with N , N -dimethyl ethanolamine (PVBAC) have been successfully deposited despite the low charge of dye, 2 elementary charges [ 27 ]. The same holds true for the deposition of the anionic squarylium dye and the cationic polyelectrolyte PDADMAC [ 28 ]. Usually the layer-by-layer deposition is not possible when using polyelectrolytes of weak charge density [ 29 ].…”
Section: Use Of Charged Organic Dyes In the Layering Processmentioning
confidence: 90%
“…The same holds true for the deposition of the anionic squarylium dye and the cationic polyelectrolyte PDADMAC [28]. Usually the layer-by-layer deposition is not possible when using polyelectrolytes of weak charge density [29].…”
Section: Use Of Charged Organic Dyes In the Layering Processmentioning
Polyelectrolyte multilayer films are a versatile functionalization method of surfaces and rely on the alternated adsorption of oppositely charged species. Among such species, charged dyes can also be alternated with oppositely charged polymers, which is challenging from a fundamental point of view, because polyelectrolytes require a minimal number of charges, whereas even monovalent dyes can be incorporated during the alternated adsorption process. We will not only focus on organic dyes but also on their inorganic counterparts and on metal complexes. Such films offer plenty of possible applications in dye sensitized solar cells. In addition, dyes are massively used in the textile industry and in histology to stain textile fibers or tissues. However, the excess of non bound dyes poses serious environmental problems. It is hence of the highest interest to design materials able to adsorb such dyes in an almost irreversible manner. Polyelectrolyte multilayer films, owing to their ion exchange behavior can be useful for such a task allowing for impressive overconcentration of dyes with respect to the dye in solution. The actual state of knowledge of the interactions between charged dyes and adsorbed polyelectrolytes is the focus of this review article.
“…Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles are used to develop sensors for measuring frequency shifts as a function of gas concentration and relative humidity [143]. Due to the higher surface area of these nanoparticles, they are used for their gas sensitivity, which can also be enhanced.…”
Layer-by-layer self-assembly is an approach to develop an ultrathin film on solid support by alternate exposure to positive and negative species with spontaneous deposition of the oppositely charged ions. This paper summarizes various approaches used for fabrication of layer-by-layer self-assembly as well as their utility to produce various devices. The layer-by-layer technique is basically used for formation of multilayer films. A variety of nanomaterials use it for the modification of films to enhance their resultant durability as well as strength. Studies have shown that many different types of materials can be used for fabrication of multilayers. Recently the layer-by-layer self-assembly technique has also been used for fabrication of gas sensors, hydrogen sensors and solar-based cells. Various methods, such as spin deposition, calcinations, and dry-transfer printing are being used for fabrication of thin films. In this review, the author summarizes the various interesting properties as well as fabrication strategies of layer-by-layer self-assembly.
“…Thus, the interconversion of spiroemerocyanine system has been extensively investigated due to their potential applications in molecular devices and uses in biotechnology [9]. We have previously reported the synthesis and electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly of some dyes [10,11]. In this context, we have examined the synthesis of a new photochromic spiroxazine polymer in which the spiroxazines were connected by bisquaternization with N,N,N 0 ,N 0 -tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine unit.…”
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