Electrospun cellulose acetate/activated carbon composite modified by EDTA (rC/AC-EDTA) for efficient methylene blue dye removal

Abstract

The present study fabricated regenerated cellulose nanofiber incorporated with activated carbon and functionalized rC/AC3.7 with EDTA reagent for methylene blue (MB) dye removal. The rC/AC3.7 was fabricated by electrospinning cellulose acetate (CA) with activated carbon (AC) solution followed by deacetylation. FT-IR spectroscopy was applied to prove the chemical structures. In contrast, BET, SEM, TGA and DSC analyses were applied to study the fiber diameter and structure morphology, the thermal properties and the surface properties of rC/AC3.7-EDTA. The CA was successfully deacetylated to give regenerated cellulose nanofiber/activated carbon, and then ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid dianhydride was used to functionalize the fabricated nanofiber composite. The rC/AC3.7-EDTA, rC/AC5.5-EDTA and rC/AC6.7-EDTA were tested for adsorption of MB dye with maximum removal percentages reaching 97.48, 90.44 and 94.17%, respectively. The best circumstances for batch absorption experiments of MB dye on rC/AC3.7-EDTA were pH 7, an adsorbent dose of 2 g/L, and a starting MB dye concentration of 20 mg/L for 180 min of contact time, with a maximum removal percentage of 99.14%. The best-fit isotherm models are Temkin and Hasely. The outcome of isotherm models illustrates the applicability of the Langmuir isotherm model (LIM). The maximal monolayer capacity Qm determined from the linear LIM is 60.61 for 0.5 g/L of rC/AC3.7-EDTA. However, based on the results from error function studies, the generalized isotherm model has the lowest accuracy. The data obtained by the kinetic models’ studies exposed that the absorption system follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (PSOM) throughout the absorption period.

Waste‐Valorized Nanowebs for Crystal Violet Removal from Water

“…[53] During the initial stages of the adsorption process with the adsorbent surface becoming available for adsorption, there is typically a rapid decrease in the amount of dissolved CV molecules. [54] This is obvious in Figure 2b-d, showing more CV adsorption at the start, which continues to increase over time, at a different rate, for all the nanowebs. As the contact time progresses, the adsorption rate gradually slows down, eventually reaching a saturation point where the amount of adsorbate being absorbed remains (PAN) in DMF, ii) preparation of three mixtures, that is, PAN, 10%NC@PAN, and 20%NC@PAN, iii) electrospinning of prepared mixtures to obtained nanowebs, vi) nanoweb as adsorbent for crystal violet from water, and v) sustainable process through recycling of nanoweb for reuse (see Experimental Section for details).…”

“…The final equilibrium phase corresponds to multilayer diffusion, which exhibits the slowest adsorption rate. Hence, an equilibrium can be achieved either when all adsorption sites are fully occupied or when steric hindrance is encountered due to previously adsorbed CV molecules, [61,64] 2) chemisorption, involving van der Waals forces, electrostatic interactions, π-π interactions, and hydrogenbonding forces, with electrostatic interactions playing the primary role, [54] and 3) presence of homogenous active sites, actively involved in the adsorption process. [65,66] Such multimodal adsorption kinetics has been well described in literature.…”

Green Organo-Photooxidative Method for the Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye

“…Additionally, absorption bands centered around 1485 and 1381 cm –1 indicate stretching vibrations involving C–N bonds in aromatic amines, and this is no longer present in degraded MB . The split band near 1313 cm –1 appeared due to the symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibrations of −CH 3 groups . An absorption peak around 1143 cm –1 signifies the C–N bonds due to stretching vibration within the aliphatic chain .…”

“…52 The split band near 1313 cm –1 appeared due to the symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibrations of −CH 3 groups. 53 An absorption peak around 1143 cm –1 signifies the C–N bonds due to stretching vibration within the aliphatic chain. 54 The appearance of a peak at 880 cm –1 is attributed to the characteristic absorption resulting from C–H in-plane bending vibrations.…”

Green algae Ulva lactuca-derived biochar-sulfur improves the adsorption of methylene blue from water

“…Furthermore, by fitting the equilibrium data to the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models, respectively, isotherm investigations were conducted for adsorption. The kinetics of the adsorption process were investigated in the batch kinetic studies using the pseudo-first-order (PFO), pseudo-second-order (PSO), Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion methods 47 , 49 , 50 . Upon utilising the aforementioned models to depict the kinetic data, each experiment’s q cal , q exp , slope, and intercept were determined, along with the least-squares correlation coefficient ( R 2 ).…”