Electrosprayed Janus Particles for Combined Photo-Chemotherapy

Abstract

15This work is a proof of concept study establishing the potential of electrosprayed Janus particles for 16 combined photodynamic therapy-chemotherapy. Sub-micron sized particles of polyvinylpyrrolidone 17 containing either an anti-cancer drug (carmofur) or a photosensitiser (rose bengal; RB), and Janus 18 particles containing both in separate compartments were prepared. The functional components were 19 present in the amorphous form in all the particles, and infrared spectroscopy indicated that 20 intermolecular interactions formed between the different species. In vitro drug release studies 21showed that both carmofur and RB were released at approximately the same rate, with dissolution 22 complete after around 250 min. Cytotoxicity studies were undertaken on model human dermal 23 fibroblasts (HDF) and lung cancer (A549) cells, and the influence of light on cell death explored. 24Formulations containing carmofur as the sole active ingredient were highly toxic to both cell lines, 25 with or without a light treatment. The RB formulations were non-toxic to HDF when no light was 26 applied, and with photo-treatment caused large amounts of cell death for both A549 and HDF cells. 27The Janus formulation containing both RB and carmofur was non-toxic to HDF without light, and only 28 slightly toxic with the photo-treatment. In contrast it was hugely toxic to A549 cells when light was 29 applied. The Janus particles are thus highly selective for cancer cells, and it is hence proposed that 30 such electrosprayed particles containing both a chemotherapeutic agent and photosensitiser have 31 great potential in combined chemotherapy/photodynamic therapy. 32

Lessons from Explaining lCompatibilityr to college students for Instrumental Education with FTIR as an Example

“…Shown in Fig. 4, FTIR spectra can tell the information about the secondary interactions between the coexistent components such as hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic interactions and also Van der Waals' force [26][27]. These interactions are favorable for the stability of the final products, which can be evaluated using accelerated ageing tests.…”

Refining Complex Engineering Problems from Students' Innovative Practices for Engineering Education in Higher School

“…3. The systematic optimization and selection of operational parameters at least include the properties of working fluid (such as conductivity, viscosity and surface tension) and electrospinning operational conditions (including applied voltage, nozzle-to-collector distance, pumping fluid flow rates of working fluid and other auxiliary conditions) [13][14][15][16][17]. Sometime, the environmental situations such as temperature and humidity should also be taken into consideration [18].…”

Teaching Materials to Provoke Studentsr Study Interests from the Experimental Phenomena of Electrospinning

“…And then, the peer of electrospinning, i.e. electrospraying can be imparted to the students in a comparative manner because both electrospinning and electrospraying belong to the electrohydrodynamic atomization processes [24][25][26]. Certainly, more knowledge about materials science and engineering can be further expanded for teaching.…”