Electrospray technique in fabricating perovskite-based hybrid solar cells under ambient conditions

Lin, Pei; Chen, Yueh Ying; Guo, Tzung Fang; Fu, Yaw Shyan; Lai, Li Chung; Lee, Chung Kwang

doi:10.1039/c6ra27704g

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Lin et al. developed an approach to deposit (by electrospray) solidified crystal precursors on the substrate, to be then converted into a perovskite layer through a solid‐state reaction at an elevated temperature (Figure C) . Indeed, solid‐state diffusion can be induced by heat treatment, and precursors convert to orthorhombic CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 .…”

Section: Beyond Spin‐coating Processes: Towards Large‐area Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lin et al developed an approach to deposit (by electrospray) solidified crystal precursors on the substrate, to be then converted into ap erovskite layer through asolid-state reactionatanelevated temperature ( Figure 7C). [141] Indeed, solid-stated iffusion can be induced by heat treatment, and precursors convert to orthorhombic CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 .B ya djusting the appliedv oltages in the electrospray process to modulate the dispersion density of the solidified crystals, V oc of 0.87 Va nd J sc of 19.71 mA cm À2 were measured, thus leadingt oaPCE of 9.3 %.…”

Section: Beyond Spin-coating Processes:t Owards Large-area Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perovskite Solar Cells: From the Laboratory to the Assembly Line

Abate

Correa-Baena

Saliba

et al. 2017

Chemistry A European J

126

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Despite the fact that perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have a strong potential as a next-generation photovoltaic technology due to continuous efficiency improvements and the tunable properties, some important obstacles remain before industrialization is feasible. For example, the selection of low-cost or easy-to-prepare materials is essential for back-contacts and hole-transporting layers. Likewise, the choice of conductive substrates, the identification of large-scale manufacturing techniques as well as the development of appropriate aging protocols are key objectives currently under investigation by the international scientific community. This Review analyses the above aspects and highlights the critical points that currently limit the industrial production of PSCs and what strategies are emerging to make these solar cells the leaders in the photovoltaic field.

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Section: Beyond Spin‐coating Processes: Towards Large‐area Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Beyond Spin-coating Processes:t Owards Large-area Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perovskite Solar Cells: From the Laboratory to the Assembly Line

Abate

Correa-Baena

Saliba

et al. 2017

Chemistry A European J

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During electrospray, the solvent plays a critical role that affects many aspects, as its physical properties such as conductivity, surface tension, viscosity, and vapor pressure have a significant impact on the particle formation process. In particular, polymer solidification from an electrosprayed droplet is governed by two main parameters: solvent evaporation and polymer diffusion during the flight of the solution droplet to the collector, which also strongly affect the final morphology of the electrosprayed particle 32 , 33 . If the solvent molecules in a droplet evaporate rapidly during flight due to their high volatility, the droplet size will change rapidly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Readily Functionalizable and Stabilizable Polymeric Particles with Controlled Size and Morphology by Electrospray

Lee

Kim

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Electrospraying is an effective and facile technique for the production of micro- or nanoparticles with tailored sizes, shapes, morphologies, and microstructures. We synthesized functionalizable poly(styrene-random-glycidyl methacrylate) copolymers and used them to fabricate microparticles via the electrospray technique. The sizes and morphologies of the electrosprayed particles are controlled by altering the process parameters (feed rate and applied voltage), and the composition and thermodynamic properties of the polymer (i.e., compatibility of the polymer with the solvent). We further investigated modifying the surfaces of the electrosprayed particles with 3-mercaptopropionic acid by a simple and efficient thiol-epoxy “click” reaction as a proof-of-concept demonstration that desired functionality can be introduced onto the surfaces of these particles; the outcome was confirmed by various spectroscopic techniques. In addition, the epoxides within the particles easily undergo crosslinking reactions, enabling further effective particle stabilization. The results reveal that the structure and properties of the polymer can be used to fine-tune the structural parameters of the electrosprayed particles, such as their sizes and morphologies, which opens up the possibility of imparting a variety of desired chemical functionalities into the structures of stable organic materials via post-electrospray modification processes.

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“…However, charged particle repulsion causes the coulombic explosion of droplets into smaller droplets at the Rayleigh limit, as discussed above. [79] During deposition, the particles may aggregate, whereas the proper selection of a solvent that can sustain coulombic repulsion may alleviate the aggregation of particles. Hence, for facile deposition of nanoparticles using E-spray, the appropriate selection of a solvent is essential.…”

Section: Tuning the Surface Roughness By Means Of A Solventmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to OPV cells, perovskite materials must be deposited with a smooth surface to achieve high performance. In this regard, Lin et al [79] deposited CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3−x Cl x from DMF to produce films with fewer voids and lower surface roughness (Figure 11g). After annealing at 110 °C, the PCE of the resulting device increased to 9.3%.…”

Section: (17 Of 34)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostatically Sprayed Nanostructured Electrodes for Energy Conversion and Storage Devices

Joshi

Samuel

Kim

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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The electrostatic spray method is a promising nonvacuum technique for efficient deposition of thin films from solutions or dispersions. The multitude of electrostatic spray process parameters, including surface tension, viscosity, and conductivity of the liquid, applied voltage, nozzle size, and flow rate, make electrostatic spray deposition very versatile for the morphological engineering of nanostructured films. The current state-of-the-art in electrostatic spraying can produce exceptional morphologies. Such tailoring of morphologies is notably useful in electrochemical applications where high electrolyte-accessible surface area often improves performance. Interesting morphologies of metal oxides and their composites are highlighted, including nanopillars, nanoferns, and porous microspheres produced by electrostatic spraying to enhance energy conversion and storage performance. The physics associated with the electrostatic spray process and morphology control using it are also presented. The manuscript highlights the potential of electrospray processing for producing thin films of controlled microstructure, from ultrasmooth layers in organic photovoltaics and perovskite photovoltaics to hierarchical nanostructured films for anodes and photoanodes. It aims to help researchers appreciate essential aspects of electrostatic spray deposition efficiency, process control, and morphology engineering for energy conversion (e.g., solar cell, fuel cell, and photoelectrochemical cell) and energy storage (e.g., lithium-ion battery and supercapacitor) electrodes.

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Electrospray technique in fabricating perovskite-based hybrid solar cells under ambient conditions

Abstract: An electrospray technique was applied to deposit solidified crystals as precursors on a substrate and to investigate halide exchange and phase transformation in a solid state reaction with heat treatment for fabricating perovskite layers in a planar heterojunction solar cell.

Cited by 25 publications

References 42 publications

Perovskite Solar Cells: From the Laboratory to the Assembly Line

Perovskite Solar Cells: From the Laboratory to the Assembly Line

Readily Functionalizable and Stabilizable Polymeric Particles with Controlled Size and Morphology by Electrospray

Electrostatically Sprayed Nanostructured Electrodes for Energy Conversion and Storage Devices

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