Electrospray Plume Modeling for Rapid Life and Performance Analysis

Parmar, Shehan M.; Collins, Adam; Wirz, Richard E.

doi:10.2514/6.2022-1357

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Furthermore, Gamero-Castaño [26] implemented an Eulerian electrospray beam model based on the line-of-point-charges approach and demonstrated a strong dependence of charged droplet trajectories on their initial velocities. Parmar et al [27] conducted a variance-based, global sensitivity analysis on the inputs for a reduced-order, electrospray plume model and concluded that a particle's final position is most sensitive to other conditions such as its initial emission angle by orders of magnitude relative to its initial position and the electrode voltage. Thus, the primary objective of this work is to investigate the kinetic energy and the extracted angles at the emitter tip.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ion Extraction from Nanodroplets for Ionic Liquid Electrospray Thrusters

et al. 2022

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Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed for ion extraction from electrospray thrusters to investigate relevant extraction processes numerically. To approximate the electrospray jet tip, a simulation domain consisting of 4-5 nm-sized ionic liquid droplets was used. The extracted ion angles and kinetic energies from EMI–BF4 (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate) and EMI–Im (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)imide) droplets were quantified by applying uniform electric fields of 1.3–1.7 V nm−1. The MD simulations are in great agreement with simulations presented in the literature and consistently show a greater preference for monomer emission than reported experimentally. At field strengths above 1.5 V nm−1, apparent droplet fracturing and breakup lead to an increase in ion angular velocity distributions. Greater mobility of EMI–BF4 ions than EMI–Im was also observed, indicative of the crucial role of cation-anion hydrogen bond strengths in ion extraction and beam composition between different propellants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ion Extraction from Nanodroplets for Ionic Liquid Electrospray Thrusters

et al. 2022

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High angle mass flux of an electrospray plume

et al. 2022

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High-resolution mass flux measurements of an electrospray plume are reported at high (>30$$^{\circ }$$ ∘ ) angles, which are relevant to direct impingement of downstream electrodes. Interrogation of the plume edge greatly reduces uncertainty in electrospray device lifetime estimation related to mass flux to electrode surfaces. An angularly-actuated Thermoelectric Quartz Crystal Microbalance (TQCM) provides resolution down to $$\sim$$ ∼ 2 pg cm$$^{-2}$$ - 2 s$$^{-1}$$ - 1 , allowing the highest resolution mass flux measurements of an electrospray plume to be reported herein. In-situ microscopy of the electrospray meniscus revealed changes to the electrode lines-of-sight of approximately 2°–3° due to the increasing meniscus tip height with beam current. Using the TQCM measurements and previous QCM results, a data-driven model is proposed for estimating electrode impingement as a function of beam current and aperture line-of-sight, which quantitatively captures the rapid increase in mass flux at higher beam currents or at low angles. The results show it is possible to guarantee negligible electrode impingement within a specified range of throttle levels.

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Electrospray Plume Modeling for Rapid Life and Performance Analysis

Cited by 2 publications

References 26 publications

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ion Extraction from Nanodroplets for Ionic Liquid Electrospray Thrusters

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ion Extraction from Nanodroplets for Ionic Liquid Electrospray Thrusters

High angle mass flux of an electrospray plume

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