Electrospray ionization ion mobility spectrometer with new tristate ion gating for improved sensitivity for compounds with lower ion mobility

Thoben, Christian; Raddatz, Christian-Robert; Lippmann, Martin; Salehimoghaddam, Z.; Zimmermann, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122579

Cited by 13 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The ionized analytes of the droplet are then guided into the IMS analyzer by the applied electrical field. After the ion packages are injected through the tristate ion shutter , into the drift tube, collisions with the drift gas lead to a separation of the ions. The result is an IMS spectrum in which the different chemical species present in the droplet can be distinguished from each other, as schematically shown in Figure c.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For IMS analysis, a custom-built drift tube IMS with shifted potentials was employed to provide ground potential at the inlet, as it was previously described in detail. ,− The instrument was operated at ambient conditions with purified nitrogen as drift gas (300 mL/min). The IMS inlet was adjusted with two stainless steel (SST) inlets with a 6 and 5 mm diameter hole, maintaining an electric field of 650 V/cm.…”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IMS inlet was adjusted with two stainless steel (SST) inlets with a 6 and 5 mm diameter hole, maintaining an electric field of 650 V/cm. After a desolvation region of 8.6 cm length, a tristate ion shutter , was implemented for injection of the ion packages (25 μs opening time) into the 7.7 cm long drift tube. The end of the tube was equipped with a Faraday plate for detection and connected to a high-voltage (HV) supply by FuG Elektronik GmbH (Schechen, Germany) to supply −10.5 kV.…”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coupling Droplet Microfluidics with Ion Mobility Spectrometry for Monitoring Chemical Conversions at Nanoliter Scale

et al. 2021

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We introduce the coupling of droplet microfluidics and ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) to address the challenges of label-free and chemical-specific detection of compounds in individual droplets. In analogy to the established use of mass spectrometry, droplet−IMS coupling can be also achieved via electrospray ionization but with significantly less instrumental effort. Because IMS instruments do not require high-vacuum systems, they are very compact, cost-effective, and robust, making them an ideal candidate as a chemical-specific end-of-line detector for segmented flow experiments. Herein, we demonstrate the successful coupling of droplet microfluidics with a custom-built high-resolution drift tube IMS system for monitoring chemical reactions in nL-sized droplets in an oil phase. The analytes contained in each droplet were assigned according to their characteristic ion mobility with limit of detections down to 200 nM to 1 μM and droplet frequencies ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 Hz. Using a custom sheath flow electrospray interface, we have further achieved the chemical-specific monitoring of a biochemical transformation catalyzed by a few hundred yeast cells, at single droplet level.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coupling Droplet Microfluidics with Ion Mobility Spectrometry for Monitoring Chemical Conversions at Nanoliter Scale

et al. 2021

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“…44 Three-grid gates have been reported previously and have not been shown to contribute to ion losses compared to two-grid systems. 42 Dependent on the gating mechanism, either one or two FET pulsers were used per gate and controlled using a custom program written in LabView and a National Instruments PXI 6289 module (National Instruments, Austin, TX). The LabView program generates and outputs an increasing frequency square waveform from user input values of start and end frequency as well as sweep time with a selection of the desired gating method.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry of Proteins through Tristate Gating and Optimization of Multiplexing Parameters

Butalewicz

Sanders

Clowers

et al. 2022

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Coupling drift tube ion mobility (IM) to Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FT-MS) affords the opportunity for gas-phase separation of ions based on size and conformation with high-resolution mass analysis. However, combining IM and FT-MS is challenging because ions exit the drift tube on a much faster time scale than the rate of mass analysis. Fourier transform (FT) and Hadamard transform multiplexing methods have been implemented to overcome the duty-cycle mismatch, offering new avenues for obtaining high-resolution, high-mass-accuracy analysis of mobility-selected ions. The gating methods used to integrate the drift tube with the FT mass analyzer discriminate against the transmission of large, low-mobility ions owing to the well-known gate depletion effect. Tristate gating strategies have been shown to increase ion transmission for drift tube IM-FT-MS systems through implementation of dual ion gating, controlling the quantity and timing of ions through the drift tube to reduce losses of slow-moving ions. Here we present an optimized set of multiplexing parameters for tristate gating ion mobility of several proteins on an Orbitrap mass spectrometer and further report parameters for increased ion transmission and mobility resolution as well as decreased experimental times from 15 min down to 30 s. On average, peak intensities in the arrival time distributions (ATDs) for ubiquitin increased 2.1× on average, while those of myoglobin increased by 1.5× with a resolving power increase on average of 11%.

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“…In this study, the chemical composition of GCP and CP were observed, especially, isomers of polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs). Specifically, ESI transferred ions directly from the solution into the gas phase [58], and gas-phase ions were separated by IMS in one second. Then, the accurate mass could be measured simultaneously by HRMS and CCS values, which were calculated in the next step.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Discrimination of Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’ by Electrospray Ionization–Ion Mobility–High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Liu

Wang

et al. 2021

Molecules

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A common idea is that some dishonest businessmen often disguise Citrus reticulata Blanco varieties as Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’, which places consumers at risk of economic losses. In this work, we combined high-resolution ion mobility (U-shaped mobility analyzer) with high-resolution mass spectrometry to rapidly distinguish Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’ from other Citrus species. The samples were analyzed directly through simple extraction and the analytes were separated in one second. It only took about 1 min to perform a cycle of sample analysis and data acquisition. The results showed that polymethoxylated flavones and their isomers were separated easily by the ion mobility analyzer and preliminarily identified according to the accurate mass. Moreover, the collision cross-section values of all analytes, which could be used as auxiliary parameters to characterize and identify the compounds in the samples, were measured. Twenty-four samples were grouped as two clusters by multivariate analysis, which meant that Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’ could be effectively differentiated. It was confirmed that the developed method had the potential to rapidly separate polymethoxylated flavones and distinguish between Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’ and other Citrus reticulata Blanco varieties.

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Electrospray ionization ion mobility spectrometer with new tristate ion gating for improved sensitivity for compounds with lower ion mobility

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Coupling Droplet Microfluidics with Ion Mobility Spectrometry for Monitoring Chemical Conversions at Nanoliter Scale

Coupling Droplet Microfluidics with Ion Mobility Spectrometry for Monitoring Chemical Conversions at Nanoliter Scale

Improving Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry of Proteins through Tristate Gating and Optimization of Multiplexing Parameters

Rapid Discrimination of Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’ by Electrospray Ionization–Ion Mobility–High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

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