Electrospinning

Abstract

Electrostatic fiber spinning or “electrospinning,” employs electrostatic forces to eject a charged fluid jet from a nozzle to make a fiber. Generally, the fiber is laid down on a collector to form a nonwoven mat. Electrospinning is also directly related to a well‐established process called electrospraying, in which tiny droplets are obtained instead of fibers. Almost any material that can be spun from melt or solution by conventional methods can be electrospun into fibers. This article details the electrospinning process. Theoretical background information is also supplied. Electrospinning devices come in different shapes and sizes and these are described. The dynamics of electrospinning are complex. A general guide to the effects of fiber properties and processing parameters on fiber diameter is given. Electrospun products include tissue scaffolds, inorganic nanofibers for catalysis, carbon nanofibers, composite fibers, and mats.

Controlled Continuous Patterning of Polymeric Nanofibers on Three-Dimensional Substrates Using Low-Voltage Near-Field Electrospinning

“…Another option for continuous patterning of polymer nanofibers is far-field electrospinning (FFES), which is a well-known technique to produce polymeric nanofiber mats in large quantities . However, FFES is hard to control due to the electric instabilities that are inherent to the electrospinning process. ,, Although work has been carried out to achieve alignment of nanofibers along a prescribed direction through the use of a rotating drum collector, − and by using electrical field manipulation, ,− precise 2D and 3D patterning is still very difficult to achieve with FFES. Recent efforts on a variant of electrospinning called near-field electrospinnning (NFES) produced some encouraging initial results, opening up a possibility of achieving scalable precision patterning with polymeric nanofibers.…”

Continuous Concentric Lamellar Block Copolymer Nanofibers with Long Range Order

“…These can in principle be used to modulate the stability and frequency of radial edge dislocation loops within the fibers. Understanding and control of these aspects of self-assembly under cylindrical confinement could lead to a tremendous expansion above and beyond the current list of applications for continuous nanofibers. , For example, long-range ordered fibers may be used for sustained and controllable drug release by loading multiple drugs selectively into different domains of the fibers. These fibers may also serve as low-loss optical waveguides by choosing domain components with high refractive index contrast.…”

Ultrasensitive Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds by a Freestanding Aligned Ag/CdSe–CdS/PMMA Texture with Double-Side UV–Ozone Treatment

“…When reaching the critical voltage, the electrostatic repulsion overcomes the surface tension, and a Taylor cone is formed. A liquid jet erupts from the droplet from the surface as nanofibers or submicron fibers. − By alternating voltage, we can effectively tailor the surface chemistry of fibers. The electrospun fibers are important platforms to study the physicochemical interaction of ordered nanorods.…”