Electroshock Therapy: Focal Spread Technic. A New Form of Treatment of Psychiatric Illness

Impastato, David J.; Berg, Seymour; Pacella, Bernard L.

doi:10.1159/000105423

Cited by 3 publications

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“…These are the potential of rTMS to elicit focal seizures and the theoretical use of rTMS to inhibit certain regions of the brain during generalized tonicclonic seizures induced by ECT and therefore focally disrupt such activity [Sackeim, 1994a;George and Wasserman, 1994]. In this regard, it is interesting to note that this same idea of eliciting partial seizures to elicit a therapeutic psychiatric effect with less side effects than traditional ECT emerged very early in the history of ECT [Impastato and Pacella, 1952;Impastato et al, 1953]. These investigators elicited focal seizures by placing treatment electrodes across the motor strip and gradually increasing the stimulus current.…”

Section: Implications For Rtmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG effects of ECT: Implications for rTMS

et al. 2000

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) involves the use of electrical stimulation to elicit a series of generalized tonic–clonic seizures for therapeutic purposes and is the most effective treatment known for major depression. These treatments have significant neurophysiologic effects, many of which are manifest in the electroencephalogram (EEG). The relationship between EEG data and the response to ECT has been studied since the 1940s, but for many years no consistent correlates were found. Recent studies indicate that a number of specific EEG features recorded during the induced seizures (ictal EEG) as well as before and after a course of treatment (interictal EEG) are related to both the therapeutic efficacy and cognitive side effects. Similar to ECT, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), which involves focal electromagnetic stimulation of cortical neurons, has also been studied as an antidepressant therapy and also appears to have neurophysiologic effects, although these have not been as fully investigated as is the case with ECT. Given the similarity of these treatments, it is natural to consider whether advances in understanding the electrophysiologic correlates of the ECT response might have implications for rTMS. The present article reviews the literature on the EEG effects of ECT and discusses the implications in terms of the likely efficacy and side effects associated with rTMS in specific anatomic locations, the potential for producing an antidepressant response with rTMS without eliciting seizure activity, eliciting focal seizures with rTMS, and the possibility of using rTMS to focally modulate seizure induction and spread with ECT to optimize treatment. Depression and Anxiety 12:157–165, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Section: Implications For Rtmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG effects of ECT: Implications for rTMS

et al. 2000

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Die Krampfbehandlung

Solms¹

1963

Grundlagen Und Methoden Der Klinischen Psychiatrie

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Electroconvulsive Therapy: Part I. A Perspective on the Evolution and Current Practice of ECT

Payne

Prudic²

2009

Journal of Psychiatric Practice

146

147

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The concept of inducing convulsions, mainly through chemical means, to promote mental wellness has existed since the 16th century. In 1938, Italian scientists first applied electrically induced therapeutic seizures. Although electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is employed in the treatment of several psychiatric disorders, it is most frequently used today to treat severe depressive episodes and remains the most effective treatment available for those disorders. Despite this, ECT continues to be the most stigmatized treatment available in psychiatry, resulting in restrictions on and reduced accessibility to a helpful and potentially life-saving treatment. The psychiatric and psychosocial ramifications of this stigmatization may include the exacerbation of the increasingly serious, global health problem of major depressive disorders as well as serious consequences for individual patients who may not be offered, or may refuse, a potentially beneficial treatment. The goal of this first article in this two-part series is to provide an overview of ECT's historical development and discuss the current state of knowledge about ECT, including technical aspects of delivery, patient selection, its side-effect profile, and factors that may contribute to underuse of ECT.

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Electroshock Therapy: Focal Spread Technic. A New Form of Treatment of Psychiatric Illness

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

EEG effects of ECT: Implications for rTMS

EEG effects of ECT: Implications for rTMS

Die Krampfbehandlung

Electroconvulsive Therapy: Part I. A Perspective on the Evolution and Current Practice of ECT

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