Electrosensory avoidance of metal obstacles by the paddlefish

Gurgens, Craig; Russell, David F.; Wlikens, L. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb02172.x

Cited by 36 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…1(a)), making about 10 000 elements. It is specialized for the aforementioned prey capture operations [18], and obstacle avoidance [19], with a behavioral threshold sensitivity to external electric fields in the range of 0.5 to 1 µV/cm [20].…”

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confidence: 99%

Long-range temporal anti-correlations in paddlefish electroreceptors

et al. 2001

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The paddlefish perceives its world through an array of electroreceptor organs spread over its rostrum. Using Detrended-Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) we find long-range anticorrelations in sequences of time intervals between neural action potentials recorded from spontaneously firing electroreceptor afferents. In contrast, spontaneous discharges from mechanoreceptor afferents in the crayfish tailfan lack long-range correlations altogether. We interpret this finding as a consequence of the self-sustained oscillatory nature of the electroreceptor organ compared with the threshold-type dynamics of the mechanoreceptor.Short-time anti-correlations have been known in sensory biology for many years. An early report on electroreceptors similar to those studied here [1] showed that short time intervals tend to be followed by long time intervals and vice versa. This phenomenon has been attributed to the action of a noise-mediated, subthreshold oscillator [2]. A noise excursion may cause a premature threshold crossing (generating a spike) prior to the maximum in one cycle leading to a short time interval. The next spike will occur near the maximum of the subsequent cycle, lengthening the following time interval. Such anti-correlations must therefore decay with time constants comparable to the period of the slow oscillator (typically 20-300 milliseconds), and indeed such anti-correlations with characteristic timescales up to a few hundred milliseconds were recently reported for electroreceptor organs of the catfish [2] and the knifefish [3], using standard Markovian analysis.In contrast, we report here observations of long-range (time) anti-correlations (LRACs) (in the range 10-200 seconds) in fluctuations of the time intervals generated by the spontaneous firing of unstimulated ampullary electroreceptors (ER) [4] of the paddlefish, Polyodon spathula.

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Long-range temporal anti-correlations in paddlefish electroreceptors

et al. 2001

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“…Reportedly, paddlefish strike at electrode tips in the dark at low stimulus intensities ( Wojtenek et al, 2001 ; Wilkens and Hofmann, 2007 ). Thus, electroreceptors help fish detect static electric fields ( Paker and van Heusen, 1917 ; Gurgens et al, 2000 ; Peters and Bretschneider, 1972 ). In the case of the abovementioned catfish, an avoidance response was observed when 6 cm of a rod was immersed in water.…”

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confidence: 99%

Frequency-dependent avoidance movement of glass catfish in response to sinusoidal electrical stimulation and associated spiking patterns of electroreceptors

Adachi

Tateno

2023

Biology Open

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The glass catfish is a freshwater fish with electroreceptors on its body surface. In this study, we investigated its behavioral response to sinusoidal electrical stimulation with a dipole wider than its body length and the spiking patterns of its electroreceptors. We observed that sinusoidal electric stimulation with a large dipole distance elicited in the glass catfish an avoidance movement whose frequency range is frequency-dependent. The movements were prominent in the frequency range between 10–20 Hz. When the stimulation strength increased, the movements were also found in the low-frequency range. In electrophysiological experiments, periodic interspike intervals of the electroreceptors were modulated by sinusoidal electrical stimuli. The stimulation introduced irregularity in the spiking patterns. The local variability of the spike modulations was significantly higher in the frequency range of 4–40 Hz and was particularly sensitive at 20 Hz. The avoidance movements and an increase in the local variability in the spike patterns were found around 20 Hz. Our results indicate that the glass catfish avoids sinusoidal electrical stimulation in a frequency-dependent manner, and this is associated with local modulations in the spiking patterns of the electroreceptors.

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“…The rostrum is unusually large and variable in shape [3,4]. It has multiple vital functions, as a sensory antennae detecting vibratory and electrical signals [5][6][7] and as a locomotor structure providing lift and enhanceed swim speed [8,9].…”

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confidence: 99%

Instrumenting Polyodon spathula (Paddlefish) Rostra in Flowing Water with Strain Gages and Accelerometers

et al. 2020

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The prominent rostrum of the North American Paddlefish, supported by a lattice-like endoskeleton, is highly durable, making it an important candidate for bio-inspiration studies. Energy dissipation and load-bearing capacity of the structure from extreme physical force has been demonstrated superior to that of man-made systems, but response to continuous hydraulic forces is unknown and requires special instrumentation for in vivo testing on a live fish. A single supply strain gage amplifier circuit has been combined with a digital three-axis accelerometer, implemented in a printed circuit board (PCB), and integrated with the commercial-off-the-shelf Adafruit Feather M0 datalogger with a microSD card. The device is battery powered and enclosed in silicon before attachment around the rostrum with a silicon strap "watch band." As proof-of-concept, we tested the instrumentation on an amputated Paddlefish rostrum in a water-filled swim tunnel and successfully obtained interpretable data. Results indicate that this design could work on live swimming fish in future in vivo experiments.

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Electrosensory avoidance of metal obstacles by the paddlefish

Cited by 36 publications

References 23 publications

Long-range temporal anti-correlations in paddlefish electroreceptors

Long-range temporal anti-correlations in paddlefish electroreceptors

Frequency-dependent avoidance movement of glass catfish in response to sinusoidal electrical stimulation and associated spiking patterns of electroreceptors

Instrumenting Polyodon spathula (Paddlefish) Rostra in Flowing Water with Strain Gages and Accelerometers

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