Electroreduction of CO2 into Ethanol over an Active Catalyst: Copper Supported on Titania

Yuan, Jing; Liu, Li; Guo, Rongrong; Zeng, Sheng; Wang, Huan; Lu, Jia‐Xing

doi:10.3390/catal7070220

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…43 While not a direct route from CO 2 , studies of ethanol production from CO show how drastically synthetic conditions and intrinsic properties of the metal catalyst affect selectivity, 121 and following this logic, selectivity has further increased in recent years. [122][123][124][125][126][127] Ethylene also holds promise as a potentially high-value commodity, and reports of high faradic efficiency under sustained applied potential have been demonstrated. 58 A key next step for ethanol and ethylene systems will be understanding pH and CO 2 concentration control at GDEs to enable sustained partial current density >100 mA cm À2 across the electrode.…”

Section: Alcohols and Alkenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress toward Commercial Application of Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction

Chen

Kotyk

Sheehan

2018

Chem

518

356

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Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity, and our continued sustainable development requires a portfolio of solutions to ultimately reduce the use of fossil fuels and decrease the concentration of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere. Chemistry is central to tackling this issue, and of the pathways to transform carbon dioxide into value-added compounds, single-step electrically driven chemical methods have attracted substantial interest in the last decade. This review places emphasis on the barriers that chemists must overcome to realize this technology and enable commercial use of electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction. We outline design strategies for gas-diffusion electrodes and electrolyzers that follow fundamental principles of catalysis to bridge the gap between catalyst discovery and integrated system engineering. These should address both technical (thermodynamic and kinetic) and practical (infrastructural) hurdles to implementation. We conclude by discussing how these approaches can be improved to help achieve a carbon-neutral economy.

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Section: Alcohols and Alkenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress toward Commercial Application of Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction

Chen

Kotyk

Sheehan

2018

Chem

518

356

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“…However, a major challenge in the implementation of direct renewable energy source-driven CO 2 reduction is the intermittency of energy input, leading to a mismatch between energy supply and demand [12]. Since solar energy, as well as wind and tidal energy, can be stored in the form of electricity, the electrochemical reduction of CO 2 to value-added chemicals is recognized as a potential way to minimize CO 2 emissions and replace fossil fuels [13,14]. In this manner, CO 2 can be transformed to various carbon compounds, including CO, methane, formic acid, alcohols and higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, such as oxalic acid [12,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study between Pristine Ag and Ag Foam for Electrochemical Synthesis of Syngas with Carbon Dioxide and Water

Zhong

Fang

et al. 2019

Catalysts

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The electrosynthesis of syngas (H2 + CO) from CO2 and H2O can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and address the energy crisis. In the present work, silver (Ag) foam was employed as a catalytic electrode for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 in aqueous solution to design different syngas ratios (H2:CO). In addition to H2 and CO, a small amount of formic acid was found in the liquid phase. By contrast, the planar polycrystalline Ag yields CO, formic acid, methane and methanol as the carbon-containing products. During the potential-controlled electrolysis, the Ag foam displayed a relatively higher activity and selectivity in the electroreduction of aqueous CO2 to CO compared with its smooth surface counterpart, as evidenced by the lower onset potential, higher partial current density and Faradic efficiency at the same bias voltage. Moreover, the electrode remained stable after three successive cycles. Based on the characterization using X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, potential step determination and density functional theory calculations, superior performance was credited to the three-dimensional structure of Ag foam constructed with coral-like Ag particles, in which the numerous edge sites are beneficial for the stabilization of the surface adsorbed COOH species and the exposed {111} facets favor the desorption of adsorbed CO species.

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“…In these processes, the hydrogenation of target molecules, such as carbon dioxide, biogenic oxygenates or nitrogen, is achieved using protic solvents (preferably water), as a proton source, and electrons, delivered by the cathode of the electrolyzer. The direct electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, e.g., to methane, ethane or methanol, has been the subject of recent research with incremental progress [41][42][43][44][45][46]. One question is the necessary source of carbon, being either the atmosphere (however, the concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere is very low, at 0.04 percent) or the exhaust fume of combustion power plants (however, the trend toward renewable energy utilization will reduce those).…”

Section: All-electrochemical Synthesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Electrofuels in Aviation

et al. 2018

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Abstract:With the growth of aviation traffic and the demand for emission reduction, alternative fuels like the so-called electrofuels could comprise a sustainable solution. Electrofuels are understood as those that use renewable energy for fuel synthesis and that are carbon-neutral with respect to greenhouse gas emission. In this study, five potential electrofuels are discussed with respect to the potential application as aviation fuels, being n-octane, methanol, methane, hydrogen and ammonia, and compared to conventional Jet A-1 fuel. Three important aspects are illuminated. Firstly, the synthesis process of the electrofuel is described with its technological paths, its energy efficiency and the maturity or research need of the production. Secondly, the physico-chemical properties are compared with respect to specific energy, energy density, as well as those properties relevant to the combustion of the fuels, i.e., autoignition delay time, adiabatic flame temperature, laminar flame speed and extinction strain rate. Results show that the physical and combustion properties significantly differ from jet fuel, except for n-octane. The results describe how the different electrofuels perform with respect to important aspects such as fuel and air mass flow rates. In addition, the results help determine mixture properties of the exhaust gas for each electrofuel. Thirdly, a turbine configuration is investigated at a constant operating point to further analyze the drop-in potential of electrofuels in aircraft engines. It is found that electrofuels can generally substitute conventional kerosene-based fuels, but have some downsides in the form of higher structural loads and potentially lower efficiencies. Finally, a preliminary comparative evaluation matrix is developed. It contains specifically those fields for the different proposed electrofuels where special challenges and problematic points are seen that need more research for potential application. Synthetically-produced n-octane is seen as a potential candidate for a future electrofuel where even a drop-in capability is given. For the other fuels, more issues need further research to allow the application as electrofuels in aviation. Specifically interesting could be the combination of hydrogen with ammonia in the far future; however, the research is just at the beginning stage.

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Electroreduction of CO2 into Ethanol over an Active Catalyst: Copper Supported on Titania

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Progress toward Commercial Application of Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction

Progress toward Commercial Application of Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction

Comparative Study between Pristine Ag and Ag Foam for Electrochemical Synthesis of Syngas with Carbon Dioxide and Water

A Study on Electrofuels in Aviation

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