Electrophysiological Studies of Cognitive Reappraisal Success and Failure in aMCI

Abstract

Background: Although successful reappraisal relies on cognitive resources, how cognitive impairment affects brain processes related to cognitive reappraisal is not yet clear. Methods: Forty-four amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) subjects and 72 healthy elderly controls (HECs) were divided into the MCI-Failure (n = 23), MCI-Success (n = 21), HEC-Failure (n = 26), and HEC-Success (n = 46) groups according to changes in self-reported affect using reappraisal. All participants viewed 30 negative and 30 neutral images preceded by straightforward descriptions of these images and 30 negative images preceded by more neutral descriptions. Results: Reappraisal failure was found to be more common in people with MCI. Reappraisal failure is associated with altered neurophysiological indices of negative-reappraisal stimuli processing that are reflected in smaller theta responsivity to negative-reappraisal stimuli between 350–550 ms. The MCI-Success group showed enhanced LPP for negative-reappraisal stimuli from 1200 to 3500 ms, reflecting compensatory effort to complete the reappraisal task, while subjects in other groups showed reduced LPP for negative-reappraisal stimuli from 550 to 1200 ms. Conclusions: These findings deepen our understanding of how cognitive decline impacts reappraisal and informs early diagnosis and interventions for MCI.

Dysfunction of Emotion Regulation in Mild Cognitive Impairment Individuals Combined With Depressive Disorder: A Neural Mechanism Study

“…Our previous study found that, compared with MCI-failure group, the MCI-Success group demonstrated larger theta power to negative images. However, the healthy elderly controls success group demonstrated stronger theta power to images preceded by more neutral descriptions compared with the healthy elderly controls -failure group (Xiao et al, 2021). While subjects in major depression performing emotionrelated tasks show decreased frontal cortex gamma power (Lee et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2014).…”

“…We used a one-way ANOVA to compare LPP amplitudes in MCI, and MCI combined depressive symptom groups in response to different types of emotional stimuli (negative, neutral, and reappraisal). In five windows after stimulus onset, 400-1,000 ms (early window), 1,000-2,000 ms (middle window), 2,000-3,000 ms (late window), 3,000-4,000 ms (late window), 4,000-5,000 ms (late window), for each window, LPP was quantified as the in-window moderate activity (Xiao et al, 2021;Ding et al, 2022). The ERP analysis was conducted using ERPLAB toolbox as well as related MATLAB code.…”

Functional Brain Networks in Mild Cognitive Impairment Based on Resting Electroencephalography Signals

“…Forty-three of them were diagnosed as amnestic mild cognitive impaired (aMCI group), while 51 showed no sign of cognitive impairment. All participants underwent a comprehensive Neuropsychological Test Battery (NTB) that included the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Clinical Dementia Rating scale (CDR), and tests that evaluate the memory function, language function, executive function, and spatial visual navigation function ( Xiao et al, 2021 ; see Supplementary Materials for more details). The neuro-psychological indices of participants are given in Table 1 .…”

“…It is also hypothesized that functional network changes in aMCI may be revealed following emotion regulation. Considering the relationship between cognition and cognitive reappraisal ( Xiao et al, 2021 ), one of the most effective emotion regulation strategies, cognitive reappraisal was chosen in this study. To this end, DWPLI, a method that is insensitive to volume conduction, was applied between all channels of interest for EEG signals in different bands.…”

Successful emotion regulation via cognitive reappraisal in authentic pride: Behavioral and event-related potential evidence

“…Previous studies have shown that the late positive potential (LPP) response to emotional stimuli is larger than that to neutral ones ( Hajcak and Olvet, 2008 ; Hajcak et al, 2010 ; Hartigan and Richards, 2017 ), and the LPP appears to be sensitive primarily to arousal level rather than valence ( Hajcak and Foti, 2020 ). Because of its sustained duration and its sensitivity to the affective properties of pictorial stimuli, the LPP is particularly well-suited to be a good candidate for studies exploring the electrophysiological correlates of emotion regulation by means of cognitive reappraisal manipulation and has featured most prominently in this work ( Krompinger et al, 2008 ; Cao et al, 2020 ; Xiao et al, 2021 ; MacNamara et al, 2022 ). Specifically, there is evidence showed that cognitive reappraisal strategy could effectively reduce the LPP and subjective ratings of unpleasantness and arousal elicited by negative pictures ( Moser et al, 2006 ; Foti and Hajcak, 2008 ; Dennis and Hajcak, 2009 ).…”