Electrophysiological Measures of Maintaining Representations in Visual Working Memory

McCollough, Andrew; Machizawa, Maro G.; Vogel, Edward K.

doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70447-7

Cited by 311 publications

(371 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…These results indicated that changes in LNC likely depended on the information retained by the subject during the delay, and therefore suggested that the LNC was correlated with short-term retention of information in the delay. The above conclusion is consistent with findings in a recent ERP study on visual working memory (McCollough et al, 2007).…”

Section: Erp Componentssupporting

confidence: 93%

Neural activities of tactile cross-modal working memory in humans: an event-related potential study

Ohara

Wang

et al. 2008

Neuroscience

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In the present study, we examined the neural mechanisms underlying crossmodal working memory by analyzing scalp-recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) from normal human subjects performing tactile-tactile unimodal or tactile-auditory crossmodal delay tasks that consisted of stimulus-1 (S-1, tactile), interval (delay), and stimulus-2 (S-2, tactile or auditory). We hypothesized that there are sequentially discrete task-correlated changes in ERPs representing neural processes of tactile working memory, and in addition, significant differences would be observed in ERPs between the unimodal task and the crossmodal task.In comparison to the ERP components in the unimodal task, two late positive ERP components (LPC-1 and LPC-2) evoked by the tactile S-1 in the delay of the crossmodal task were enhanced by expectation of the associated auditory S-2 presented at the end of the delay. Such enhancement might represent neural activities involved in crossmodal association between the tactile stimulus and the auditory stimulus. Later in the delay, a late negative component (LNC) was observed. The amplitude of LNC depended on information retained during the delay, and when the same information was retained, this amplitude was not influenced by modality or location of S-2 (auditory S-2 through headphones, or tactile S-2 on the left index finger). LNC might represent the neural activity involved in working memory. The above results suggest that the sequential ERP changes in the present study represent temporally distinguishable neural processes, such as the crossmodal association and crossmodal working memory.

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Section: Erp Componentssupporting

confidence: 93%

Neural activities of tactile cross-modal working memory in humans: an event-related potential study

Ohara

Wang

et al. 2008

Neuroscience

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“…Differences in capacity limits in VWM (CDA) also appear to modulate the levels of inattention and also differences in item selection during the N2pc, suggesting a strong coupling between selection and storage (see also McCollough, Machizawa, & Vogel, 2007). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The CDA has been observed in change detection tasks requiring the maintenance of target items and has been interpreted as reflecting the number of items retained in visual working memory (Drew & Vogel, 2008;Ikkai, McCollough, & Vogel, 2010;McCollough, Machizawa, & Vogel, 2007;Vogel, McCollough, & Machizawa, 2005;Vogel & Machizawa, 2004). However, its interpretation is controversial since other studies appear to provide evidence that the CDA does not reflect a memory maintenance mechanism per se but a more general measure of resource allocation more consistent with the notion of working memory (WM; Todd & Marois, 2004;Van Dijk, Van der Werf, Mazaheri, Mendendorp, & Jensen, 2010;Xu & Chun, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In sum, the N2pc is thought to reflect the selection of items (Eimer, 1996;Luck, Girelli, McDermott, & Ford, 1997;Luck & Hillyard, 1994ab;Woodman, Kang, Rossi, & Schall, 2007;Woodman & Luck, 2003;Hopf et al, 2000) whereas the CDA reflects the storage of the filtered items (McCollough, Machizawa, & Vogel, 2007) after active suppression/selection (prefrontal bias) and in concomitance with supramodal attentional control (ADAN; see Couperus, Alperin, Furlong, & Mott, 2014;Seiss, Gherri, Eardley, & Eimer, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interplay between supramodal attentional control and capacity limits in the low-level visual processors modulate the tendency to inattention

Papera

Richards

2017

Consciousness and Cognition

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When engaged in a demanding task, individuals may neglect unexpected visual stimuli presented concomitantly. Here we use a change detection task to show that propensity to inattention is associated with a flexible allocation of attentional resources to filter and represent visual information. This was reflected by N2 posterior contralateral (N2pc) and contralateral delay activity (CDA) respectively, but also during high-order reorienting of attentional resources (known as anterior directing attention negativity, ADAN). Results show that differences in noticing and failing to notice unexpected stimuli/changes are associated with different patterns of brain activity. When processing (N2) and working memory (CDA) capacities are low, resources are mostly allocated to small set-sizes and associated with a tendency to filter information during early low-level processing (N2). When resources are high, saturation is obtained with larger set-sizes. This is also associated to a tendency to select (N2) and reorient resources (ADAN) to maintain extra information (CDA).

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“…Evidence for this comes from ERP studies of visual working memory (e.g., Vogel & Machizawa, 2004;McCollough, Machizawa, & Vogel, 2007). These studies employed a change detection paradigm where a bilateral memory display containing coloured objects in the left and right visual hemifield is preceded by a precue that instructs participants which side of this memory display they have to remember.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does visual working memory represent the predicted locations of future target objects? An event-related brain potential study

Grubert¹,

Eimer²

2015

Brain Research

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(2015) 'Does visual working memory represent the predicted locations of future target ob jects? An event-related brain potential study. ', Brain research., 1626 . pp. 258-266. Further information on publisher's website:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres. 2014.10.011 Publisher's copyright statement: NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Brain Research. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be re ected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A de nitive version was subsequently published in Brain Research, 1626, 11 November 2015, 258-266, 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.011. Additional information:Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. AbstractDuring the maintenance of task-relevant objects in visual working memory, the contralateral delay activity (CDA) is elicited over the hemisphere opposite to the visual field where these objects are presented. The presence of this lateralised CDA component demonstrates the existence of position-dependent object representations in working memory. We employed a change detection task to investigate whether the represented object locations in visual working memory are shifted in preparation for the known location of upcoming comparison stimuli. On each trial, bilateral memory displays were followed after a delay period by bilateral test displays. Participants had to encode and maintain three visual objects on one side of the memory display, and to judge whether they were identical or different to three objects in the test display. Task-relevant memory and test stimuli were located in the same visual hemifield in the no-shift task, and on opposite sides in the horizontal shift task. CDA components of similar size were triggered contralateral to the memorized objects in both tasks. The absence of a polarity reversal of the CDA in the horizontal shift task demonstrated that there was no preparatory shift of memorized object location towards the side of the upcoming comparison stimuli. These results suggest that visual working memory represents the locations of visual objects during encoding, and that the matching of memorized and test objects at different locations is based on a comparison process that can bridge spatial translations between these objects.

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Electrophysiological Measures of Maintaining Representations in Visual Working Memory

Cited by 311 publications

References 62 publications

Neural activities of tactile cross-modal working memory in humans: an event-related potential study

Neural activities of tactile cross-modal working memory in humans: an event-related potential study

Interplay between supramodal attentional control and capacity limits in the low-level visual processors modulate the tendency to inattention

Does visual working memory represent the predicted locations of future target objects? An event-related brain potential study

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