Electrophysiological fingerprints of OFF bipolar cells in rat retina

Vielma, Alex H.; Schmachtenberg, Oliver

doi:10.1038/srep30259

Cited by 12 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…These are sometimes specific between particular bipolar cell and cone types (e.g., M cone and CBC1, or S cone and CBC9), and only one type of bipolar cell would connect with the rods, although there also appear to be connections between rod and cone pathways [62]. Bipolar cells respond to the release of glutamate by photoreceptors in their synaptic communication [63] and adopt a mosaic arrangement, in which the overlapping contacts are potential synaptic pairings. Connectivity can be studied using electron microscopy, molecular markers, or more recently, computational methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In animal studies using electrophysiological analysis, Vielma and Schmachtenberg [63] reported the existence of various types of OFF bipolar cells that exhibit different responses depending on glutamate levels; specifically, bipolar cells BC 3a, 3b, and 4 exhibited a significant inhibitory input in response to glutamate and were subject to inhibitory modulation with nitric oxide (NO). They also showed 6 functionally distinguishable types of bipolar cells with combinations of individual glutamate channels and receptors that give them unique electrophysiological filtering and signal-processing properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Empirical Mode Decomposition-Based Filter Applied to Multifocal Electroretinograms in Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis

Santiago

Castillo

García‐Martín

et al. 2019

Sensors

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As multiple sclerosis (MS) usually affects the visual pathway, visual electrophysiological tests can be used to diagnose it. The objective of this paper is to research methods for processing multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) recordings to improve the capacity to diagnose MS. MfERG recordings from 15 early-stage MS patients without a history of optic neuritis and from 6 control subjects were examined. A normative database was built from the control subject signals. The mfERG recordings were filtered using empirical mode decomposition (EMD). The correlation with the signals in a normative database was used as the classification feature. Using EMD-based filtering and performance correlation, the mean area under the curve (AUC) value was 0.90. The greatest discriminant capacity was obtained in ring 4 and in the inferior nasal quadrant (AUC values of 0.96 and 0.94, respectively). Our results suggest that the combination of filtering mfERG recordings using EMD and calculating the correlation with a normative database would make mfERG waveform analysis applicable to assessment of multiple sclerosis in early-stage patients. Author Contributions: Conceptualization, E.G.-M., M.J.R., E.M.S.M., and L.B.; methodology, L.d.S., M.O.d.C., C.C., J.M.M., A.L., and B.C.; software, L.d.S., M.O.d.C., C.C., J.M.M., and A.L.; validation, L.d.S., M.O.d.C., C.C., J.M.M., and A.L.; formal Analysis, M.O.d.C. and J.M.M.; investigation, E.G.-M., M.J.R., E.M.S.M., and L.B.; resources, L.B. and E.G.-M.; data Curation, L.d.S., M.O.d.C., C.C., J.M.M., A.L., and B.C.; writing-original draft preparation, L.B., E.G.-M., and M.J.R.; writing-review and editing, L.B., E.G.-M., and M.J.R.; visualization, L.B. and E.G.-M.; supervision, L.B. and E.G.-M.; project administration, L.B. and E.G.-M.; funding acquisition, L.B. and E.G.-M. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical Mode Decomposition-Based Filter Applied to Multifocal Electroretinograms in Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis

Santiago

Castillo

García‐Martín

et al. 2019

Sensors

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“…S1). 29 The sIPSCs were also recorded from different subtypes of amacrine cells voltage-clamped at 0 mV with patch electrodes (7-8 MΩ) containing K + gluconate internal solution. Although AII amacrine cells were distinguished by their smaller somata, a prominent primary dendrite protruding into the IPL, and a narrowly distributed dendritic arbor, other subtypes of amacrine cells were divided according to their dendritic stratification within different portions of the IPL as ON, OFF, or ON-OFF amacrine cells.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 In the OFF pathway, the classic view is that glycinergic inhibitory input to OFF BCs stems mainly from AII amacrine cells, a key component in signal transmission within the rod pathway. [25][26][27] However, depending on the OFF BC type 21,[28][29][30][31] and the degree of light adaptation, inhibitory input from both glycinergic and GABAergic sources contributes to the functional requirements of the retina. [32][33][34] Although little is known regarding the exact localization and function of CB1R within the OFF pathway, the dense labeling of CB1R in the inner plexiform layer (IPL), 7,9,35 the apparent localization of CB1R at the cone-type 1 OFF BC synapse, 35 in some recoverin-positive OFF BCs, 19 and in subsets of GABAergic 9 and putative glycinergic amacrine cells, 19 suggest that CB1Rs can control OFF BC function by regulating their activity and/or inhibitory input in the inner retina, but this remains currently unproven.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid Signaling Selectively Modulates GABAergic Inhibitory Input to OFF Bipolar Cells in Rat Retina

Vielma

Tapia

Alcaino

et al. 2020

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Citation: Vielma AH, Tapia F, Alcaino A, Fuenzalida M, Schmachtenberg O, Chávez AE. Cannabinoid signaling selectively modulates GABAergic inhibitory input to OFF bipolar cells in rat retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2020;61(3):3. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.61.3.3 PURPOSE.In the mammalian retina, cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1Rs) are wellpositioned to alter inhibitory synaptic function from amacrine cells and, thus, might influence visual signal processing in the inner retina. However, it is not known if CB1R modulates amacrine cells feedback inhibition at retinal bipolar cell (BC) terminals. METHODS.Using whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings, we examined the pharmacological effect of CB1R activation and inhibition on spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) and glutamate-evoked IPSCs (gIPSCs) from identified OFF BCs in light-adapted rat retinal slices. RESULTS.Activation of CB1R with WIN55212-2 selectively increased the frequency of GABAergic, but not glycinergic sIPSC in types 2, 3a, and 3b OFF BCs, and had no effect on inhibitory activity in type 4 OFF BCs. The increase in GABAergic activity was eliminated in axotomized BCs and can be suppressed by blocking CB1R with AM251 or GABA A and GABA ρ receptors with SR-95531 and TPMPA, respectively. In all OFF BC types tested, a brief application of glutamate to the outer plexiform layer elicited gIPSCs comprising GABAergic and glycinergic components that were unaffected by CB1R activation. However, blocking CB1R selectively increased GABAergic gIPSCs, supporting a role for endocannabinoid signaling in the regulation of glutamate-evoked GABAergic inhibitory feedback to OFF BCs.CONCLUSIONS. CB1R activation shape types 2, 3a, and 3b OFF BC responses by selectively regulate GABAergic feedback inhibition at their axon terminals, thus cannabinoid signaling might play an important role in the fine-tuning of visual signal processing in the mammalian inner retina.

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“…In these cells, NO initially modulates the signal generally by altering the cGMP levels [126]. Thus, some studies demonstrated the involvement of NO through activation of the sGC-cGMP-PKG pathway, acting as a modulator of the temporal properties of the glutamate response [129,130]. Perfusion of acute slices of rat retina with the NO precursor L-arginine shortened the AMPA receptor-dependent component of the glutamate response and did not change the kainate receptor-dependent component in bipolar cells [129].…”

Section: No and Ampars In Retina As An Example Of Mutual Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of AMPA Receptors by Nitric Oxide in Nerve Cells

Ivanova¹,

Balaban²,

Bal³

2020

IJMS

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Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous molecule with a large number of functions in living tissue. In the brain, NO participates in numerous intracellular mechanisms, including synaptic plasticity and cell homeostasis. NO elicits synaptic changes both through various multi-chain cascades and through direct nitrosylation of targeted proteins. Along with the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors, one of the key components in synaptic functioning are α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptors—the main target for long-term modifications of synaptic effectivity. AMPA receptors have been shown to participate in most of the functions important for neuronal activity, including memory formation. Interactions of NO and AMPA receptors were observed in important phenomena, such as glutamatergic excitotoxicity in retinal cells, synaptic plasticity, and neuropathologies. This review focuses on existing findings that concern pathways by which NO interacts with AMPA receptors, influences properties of different subunits of AMPA receptors, and regulates the receptors’ surface expression.

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Electrophysiological fingerprints of OFF bipolar cells in rat retina

Cited by 12 publications

References 49 publications

Empirical Mode Decomposition-Based Filter Applied to Multifocal Electroretinograms in Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis

Empirical Mode Decomposition-Based Filter Applied to Multifocal Electroretinograms in Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis

Cannabinoid Signaling Selectively Modulates GABAergic Inhibitory Input to OFF Bipolar Cells in Rat Retina

Modulation of AMPA Receptors by Nitric Oxide in Nerve Cells

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