Electrophysiological correlates of prior training: an in vitro study of an area of the avian brain which is essential for early learning

Bradley, P.M.; Burns, B. Delisle; King, Theodore M.; Webb, Alistair I.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)01470-5

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Neurophysiological studies have demonstrated that specialization of recently specialized neurons does not change during a single-unit recording lasting for weeks and even months, and that there are many silent neurons in different brain areas (Bradley et al, 1996;Brecht, Schneider & Manns, 2005;Chang et al, 1994;Gorkin & Shevchenko, 1991;Greenberg & Wilson, 2004;Jog et al, 1999;Nicolelis et al, 1997;Schmidt, Bak & McIntosh, 1976;Swadlow & Hicks, 1997;Thompson & Best, 1990;Williams, Rennaker & Kipke, 1999;Wilson & McNaughton, 1993;Woodward, Janak & Chang, 1998).…”

Section: System Development: How An Object Is Constructed 'Inside'mentioning

confidence: 99%

How we fragment the world: the view from inside versus the view from outside

Alexandrov

2008

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To construct an environment consisting of artificial objects it is helpful to use descriptions of how individuals behave. Implicitly, we do this on the basis that outward behavior reflects the dynamics of the subjective world and is a deployment of brain processes. But this is only partly correct: outwardly `similar' behavioral acts or environmental patterns may correspond to very different neural activities (the view `from inside' the subject). This is because behavior is the result of the history of behavioral development, such that the brain organizations that correspond to an `object' are the ones that were constructed during the subject's past experience in the course of performing related activity. As the construction of brain organizations takes place in the context of a goal-oriented activity, the very nature of the neural organizations involved stays connected to this goal. Empirically, the goal aspect of the object seems more structuring than the pattern of the object itself. This article compares the view from outside and the view from inside for different kinds of specific experimental situations. We show that `externally' similar objects may correspond to very different brain activations. Alternatively, behaviors and environmental events that seem different to an external observer may actually appear similar when viewed from inside the agent's brain. Experimental findings suggest that what is stable in an `object' for a living organism is its subjective status: at the neural level, meaning for the agent is more important than `objective' form. We also show that the nature of objects as seen from the inside depends on the way they were constructed through the organism's experience: behaviors or objects that may look similar from the outside are in this respect also different from the inside perspective. This has implications for the way we should construct objects in the digital world: building by mimicking the appearance of the physical world as seen from the outside may result in poor design.

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Section: System Development: How An Object Is Constructed 'Inside'mentioning

confidence: 99%

How we fragment the world: the view from inside versus the view from outside

Alexandrov

2008

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“…Our previous results suggest that the basis of learning a new behavior is the establishment of permanent specializations of previously "silent" neurons, which become active and start to take a role in subserving newly formed behavior [33,35,36,48]. Others have shown that 1) the newly formed neuron specializations and morphological changes seem to be permanent, 2) recruitment of "silent" neurons into the subserving of behavior could be an important learning mechanism [117] (p. 813) and 3) there are many silent neurons in different brain areas [50,59,[118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132]. These findings support the suggestion that new neurons become involved rather than the specialization of previously specialized neurons changing.…”

Section: Involvement Of the Hippocampus In The Formation Of New And Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Ethanol on the Neuronal Subserving of Behavior in the Hippocampus

Alexandrov¹,

Grinchenko²,

Shevchenko³

et al. 2013

JBBS

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We have previously shown that both acute and chronic ethanol treatment depresses neural activity, specifically in the cingulate cortex. Minor influences were found in the motor cortex. The acute effect of ethanol in the hippocampus was intermediate to those in the cingulate and motor cortices. In the present study, we concentrate on the chronic effects of ethanol on the hippocampus. We demonstrate how the neuronal activity underlying food-acquisition behavior is modified after chronic ethanol treatment, and how the hippocampus subserves formation of newly-formed alcohol-acquisition behavior. Neuronal activity in CA1 was more sensitive to chronic ethanol than the Dg area. Acute administration of ethanol had a normalizing effect on the chronically-treated animals: their performance and the hippocampal neural activity approached a normal range. The sets of neurons involved in food-acquisition behavior formed before chronic ethanol treatment, and those involved in alcohol-acquisition behavior formed after treatment significantly overlapped supporting the view that the neuronal mechanisms of pre-existing behavior provide the basis for the formation of new behavior. Additionally, we also discovered alcohol-acquisition selective neurons. Assuming that the formation of new neuronal specializations underlies learning, we believe that alcohol-selective neurons are specialized during the formation of alcohol-acquisition behavior. Our data demonstrate several new findings on the effect of acute and chronic ethanol on hippocampus activity, and how the neuronal activity relates to behavior before and after ethanol treatment.

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Cognition as Systemogenesis

Alexandrov

2015

Cognitive Systems Monographs

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Electrophysiological correlates of prior training: an in vitro study of an area of the avian brain which is essential for early learning

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

How we fragment the world: the view from inside versus the view from outside

How we fragment the world: the view from inside versus the view from outside

The Effect of Ethanol on the Neuronal Subserving of Behavior in the Hippocampus

Cognition as Systemogenesis

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