Electrophysiological changes in 12-year-old children born MLP: reduced VEP amplitude in MLP children

Raffa, Lina; Nilsson, Josefin; Dahlgren, Jovanna; Grönlund, Marita Andersson

doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2016-309536

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The results of our study are in line with those of several ffERG studies, revealing a retinal dysfunction in infants and children who were born preterm . However, most of these studies reported a predominantly negative association with rod function, and Fulton et al have described that cone function was less affected by preterm birth than was rod response.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Recently published studies, in which multifocal ERG was performed and visual evoked potentials recorded, also describe a reduced electrophysiological response in children born preterm in comparison with children born at term. 33,42,43 Those findings suggest that there is reduced macular function and affected visual pathways in preterm children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The results of our study are in line with those of several ffERG studies, revealing a retinal dysfunction in infants and children who were born preterm. 13,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] However, most of these studies reported a predominantly negative association with rod function, [27][28][29]31,32 and Fulton et al 32 have described that cone function was less affected by preterm birth than was rod response. In contrast, our study found that cone function was also reduced, which might be explained by the extreme prematurity of the study group, resulting in an early arrest of the development of cone photoreceptors and bipolar cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduction of Rod and Cone Function in 6.5-Year-Old Children Born Extremely Preterm

et al. 2017

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The function of rods and cones in children born extremely preterm has not yet been fully investigated.OBJECTIVE To compare retinal function via full-field electroretinographic (ffERG) recordings in 6.5-year-old children born extremely preterm with children born at term. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA subcohort study was conducted from July 1, 2010, to January 15, 2014, of the national Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden Study, including preterm children (<27 weeks' gestational age) and children born at term, at 6.5 years of age and living in the Uppsala health care region in Sweden. Full-field electroretinography was performed binocularly, using DTL electrodes and electroretinographic (ERG) protocols with flash strengths of 0.009, 0.17, 3.0, and 12.0 candelas (cd)/s/m 2 , together with 30-Hz flicker and 3.0 cd/s/m 2 single-cone flash. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe ffERG recordings were analyzed, and their associations with gestational age and retinopathy of prematurity were examined.RESULTS Adequate ffERG recordings were obtained from 52 preterm children (19 girls and 33 boys; mean [SD] age at examination, 6.6 [0.1] years) and 45 children born at term (22 girls and 23 boys; mean [SD] age at examination, 6.6 [0.1] years). Lower amplitudes of the combined rod and cone responses (the a-wave of the dark-adapted ERG protocol of 3.0 cd/s/m 2 : mean difference, -48.9 μV [95% CI, -80.0 to -17.9 μV]; P=.003; the a-wave of the dark-adapted ERG protocol of 12.0 cd/s/m 2 : mean difference, -55.7 μV [95% CI, -92.5 to -18.8 μV]; P = .004), as well as of the isolated cone response (30-Hz flicker ERG: mean difference, -12.1 μV [95% CI, -22.5 to -1.6 μV]; P = .03), were found in the preterm group in comparison with the group born at term. The implicit time of the combined rod and cone responses (the a-wave of the dark-adapted ERG protocol of 12.0 cd/s/m 2 ) was longer (mean difference, 1.2 milliseconds [95% CI, 0.3-2.0 milliseconds]; P = .01) in the preterm group, as were the isolated cone responses (30-Hz flicker ERG: mean difference, 1.2 milliseconds [95% CI, 0.5-1.8 milliseconds]; P < .001), than in the group born at term. No association was found between the ffERG recordings and gestational age or retinopathy of prematurity in the preterm group. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEBoth rod function and cone function were reduced in children born extremely preterm when compared with children born at term. There was no association with retinopathy of prematurity in the preterm group, which suggests that being born extremely preterm may be one of the main reasons for a general retinal dysfunction.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduction of Rod and Cone Function in 6.5-Year-Old Children Born Extremely Preterm

et al. 2017

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Giant pattern VEPs in children

Thompson

Marmoy

Prise

et al. 2021

European Journal of Paediatric Neurology

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Foveal thickness and vascular variables in adolescents born moderate‐to‐late preterm

Ovik,

Lind,

Popovic

et al. 2024

Acta Ophthalmologica

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PurposeIt is well established that children born very preterm are at increased risk for ocular abnormalities including altered foveal morphology. However, little is known about how children born moderate‐to‐late preterm (MLP), gestational age 32 + 0–36 + 6 weeks, are affected later in life. This study investigates foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, vascular density (VD), central foveal thickness (CFT) and ganglion cell layer thickness (GCL++) of adolescents born MLP without history of retinopathy of prematurity and compare the results with full‐term controls.MethodsIn a prospective population‐based cohort study, 50 adolescents (26 girls; mean age 16.5 years) born MLP were examined with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCT‐A). FAZ and VD were obtained from OCT‐A scans and adjusted for ocular magnification. CFT and GCL++ were obtained from the OCT scans. The results from the MLP individuals were compared with the results from 49 healthy full‐term controls (29 girls; mean age 16.7 years).ResultsThe results showed statistically significant differences in FAZ area (0.22 vs 0.28 mm2; p = 0.0032) and CFT (198.1 vs 187.1 μm; p = 0.0010) between the MLP group and controls. Strong correlations between FAZ area and CFT (r = −0.773, p < 0.0001) and GCL++ (r = −0.924, p < 0.0001) were found in the MLP group. There were no differences in VD.ConclusionsOur results show that adolescents born MLP have a smaller FAZ area and an increased CFT compared with full‐term controls. These results indicate that adolescents born MLP have similar parafoveal changes as children born extreme or very preterm.

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Electrophysiological changes in 12-year-old children born MLP: reduced VEP amplitude in MLP children

Abstract: Our results indicate that moderate premature birth may affect visual evoked potential amplitudes without clear retinal structural changes in MLP children at 12 years of age.

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Reduction of Rod and Cone Function in 6.5-Year-Old Children Born Extremely Preterm

Reduction of Rod and Cone Function in 6.5-Year-Old Children Born Extremely Preterm

Giant pattern VEPs in children

Foveal thickness and vascular variables in adolescents born moderate‐to‐late preterm

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