Electrophysiological and morphological properties of pyramidal and nonpyramidal neurons in the cat motor cortex in vitro

Chen, Weibi; Zhang, J.-J.; Hu, Guilin; Wu, Chen

doi:10.1016/0306-4522(96)00009-7

Cited by 75 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The tissue appeared to be relatively normal because no synchronous discharges were recorded either intraoperatively or in the in vitro slices. In addition, the firing behaviors of neurons in human neocortex slices have been reported to be similar to those observed in normal cat neocortex (17,18). GABAergic inhibition has been shown in rodent hippocampus and neocortex to have a strong influence on the induction of both LTP and LTD (6,19,20), and a low dose of GABAA receptor antagonist has often been used to facilitate LTP induction in the rodent neocortex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Long-term modifications of synaptic efficacy in the human inferior and middle temporal cortex.

Chen

Lee

Katö

et al. 1996

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

119

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The primate temporal cortex has been demonstrated to play an important role in visual memory and pattern recognition. It is of particular interest to investigate whether activity-dependent modification of synaptic efficacy, a presumptive mechanism for learning and memory, is present in this cortical region. Here we address this issue by examining the induction of synaptic plasticity in surgically resected human inferior and middle temporal cortex. The results show that synaptic strength in the human temporal cortex could undergo bidirectional modifications, depending on the pattern of conditioning stimulation. High frequency stimulation (100 or 40 Hz) in layer IV induced long-term potentiation (LTP) of both intracellular excitatory postsynaptic potentials and evoked field potentials in layers II/III. The LTP induced by 100 Hz tetanus was blocked by 50-100 ,uM DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid, suggesting that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors were responsible for its induction. Long-term depression (LTD) was elicited by prolonged low frequency stimulation (1 Hz, 15 min). It was reduced, but not completely blocked, by DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid, implying that some other mechanisms in addition to N-methyl-Daspartate receptors were involved in LTD induction. LTD was input-specific, i.e., low frequency stimulation of one pathway produced LTD of synaptic transmission in that pathway only. Finally, the LTP and LTD could reverse each other, suggesting that they can act cooperatively to modify the functional state of cortical network. These results suggest that LTP and LTD are possible mechanisms for the visual memory and pattern recognition functions performed in the human temporal cortex.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Long-term modifications of synaptic efficacy in the human inferior and middle temporal cortex.

Chen

Lee

Katö

et al. 1996

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

119

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“…Single action potentials also were evoked by single 30-msec-duration depolarizing current pulses. In general, postsynaptic nonpyramidal neurons satisfied the physiological criteria of interneurons (McCormick et al, 1985, Chen et al, 1996. They typically had narrow spikes (0.43 Ϯ 0.07 msec) with amplitudes, on average, of 25 mV smaller (80 Ϯ 7 mV as measured from the baseline) than those of pyramidal cells.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prefrontal Microcircuits: Membrane Properties and Excitatory Input of Local, Medium, and Wide Arbor Interneurons

2001

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To elucidate cortical mechanisms involved in higher cortical functions such as working memory, we have examined feedforward excitation transmitted by identified pyramidal cells to interneurons with predominantly horizontal axonal arbors, using dual somatic recordings in prefrontal cortical slices. Interneurons with local (narrow) axonal arbors, especially chandelier interneurons, exhibited extremely narrow action potentials and high evoked firing rates, whereas neurons identified with wide arbor axons generated wider spikes and lower evoked firing rates with considerable spike adaptation, resembling that of pyramidal cells. Full reconstruction of differentially labeled neuronal pairs revealed that local arbor cells generally received a single but functionally reliable putative synaptic input from the identified pyramidal neuron member of the pair. In contrast, more synapses (two to five) were necessary to depolarize medium and wide arbor neurons reliably. The number of putative synapses and the amplitude of the postsynaptic response were remarkably highly correlated within each class of local, medium, and wide arbor interneurons (r ϭ 0.88, 0.95, and 0.99, respectively). Similarly strong correlations within these subgroups were also present between the number of putative synapses and variance in the EPSP amplitudes, supporting the validity of our morphological analysis. We conclude that interneurons varying in the span of their axonal arbors and hence in the potential regulation of different numbers of cortical modules differ also in their excitatory synaptic input and physiological properties. These findings provide insight into the circuit basis of lateral inhibition and functional interactions within and between cortical columns in the cerebral cortex.

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“…A suprathreshold curreot injection results in a train of action potentials that display different degrees of frequency adaptation depending on the neuron (Chen et al, 1996;McCormick et al, 1985). The majority ofRS cells are pyramidal in shape and are densely located throughout tayers n to VI (McCormick et al, 1985).…”

Section: Pyramidal Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bursts are generated by a low-tbreshold Ca 2 + conductance (Chen et al, 1996). m cells are located predominately within layers V and IV (Chagnac.. Amitai et al, 1990;McCormick et al, 1985), and their axons project horizontally within tayers V and VI (Chagnac-Amitai et al, 1990).…”

Section: Amitai Et Al 1990)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Input-specific effects of acetylcholine on sensory and intracortical evoked responses in the “barrel cortex” in vivo

2003

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Electrophysiological and morphological properties of pyramidal and nonpyramidal neurons in the cat motor cortex in vitro

Cited by 75 publications

References 42 publications

Long-term modifications of synaptic efficacy in the human inferior and middle temporal cortex.

Long-term modifications of synaptic efficacy in the human inferior and middle temporal cortex.

Prefrontal Microcircuits: Membrane Properties and Excitatory Input of Local, Medium, and Wide Arbor Interneurons

Input-specific effects of acetylcholine on sensory and intracortical evoked responses in the “barrel cortex” in vivo

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