Electrophysiological Advances on Multiple Object Processing in Aging

Mazza, Verônica de Azevedo; Brignani, Debora

doi:10.3389/fnagi.2016.00046

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…2 ). This is in contrast to previous studies in APP TG mice, where CMBs were located in the neocortex and, to a lesser degree in the thalamus, [ 26 ] likely because of the different mechanisms of progression in cerebral amyloid angiopathy related CMBs [ 20 , 27 , 28 ]. Individual CMBs were visible in high resolution ex vivo T2*W MR images, enabling counting of individual CMBs sites in isotropic images (Fig.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…CMBs have been detected by histology in non-TG mice [ 56 , 57 ] and by MRI in amyloid precursor protein (APP) TG mouse models of AD [ 26 , 58 ]. Although accurate in terms of specificity of stains and high image resolution, histology methods lead to selection bias due to the tedious nature of sample preparation and known artifacts of histology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the location, CMBs may indicate neurovascular or neurologic disease. Lobar CMBs are associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy, [ 26 ] while deep or mixed CMBs are associated with hypertensive arteriopathy [ 20 , 27 , 28 ]. While CMBs are chronic biomarkers of neurovascular disruption, their direct role in AD is still a matter of debate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The brains of aged mice are characterized by altered tissue diffusion properties and cerebral microbleeds

et al. 2020

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Background: Brain aging is a major risk factor in the progression of cognitive diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia. We investigated a mouse model of brain aging up to 24 months old (mo). Methods: A high field (11.7T) MRI protocol was developed to characterize specific features of brain aging including the presence of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), morphology of grey and white matter, and tissue diffusion properties. Mice were selected from age categories of either young (3 mo), middle-aged (18 mo), or old (24 mo) and fed normal chow over the duration of the study. Mice were imaged in vivo with multimodal MRI, including conventional T2-weighted (T2W) and T2*-weighted (T2*W) imaging, followed by ex vivo diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and T2*W MR-microscopy to enhance the detection of microstructural features. Results: Structural changes observed in the mouse brain with aging included reduced cortical grey matter volume and enlargement of the brain ventricles. A remarkable age-related change in the brains was the development of CMBs found starting at 18 mo and increasing in total volume at 24 mo, primarily in the thalamus. CMBs presence was confirmed with high resolution ex vivo MRI and histology. DWI detected further brain tissue changes in the aged mice including reduced fractional anisotropy, increased radial diffusion, increased mean diffusion, and changes in the white matter fibers visualized by color-coded tractography, including around a large cortical CMB. Conclusions: The mouse is a valuable model of age-related vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). In composite, these methods and results reveal brain aging in older mice as a multifactorial process including CMBs and tissue diffusion alterations that can be well characterized by high field MRI.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The brains of aged mice are characterized by altered tissue diffusion properties and cerebral microbleeds

et al. 2020

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“…Processing multiple objects concurrently is a fundamental ability to have a coherent perception of the environment and to successfully interact with it: in every moment of our daily life we are required to track a multitude of objects that are usually surrounded by other distractor objects, as in the case of driving a car in a congested highway. The investigation of the behavioral and neural dynamics of multiple objects processing (MOP) may provide pivotal hints in the study of pathological aging, particularly in those diseases characterized by memory and attentional impairment, such as AD [9]. Thus, MOP paradigms may be crucial for the characterization of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AD and the identification of its neural markers for an early diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Dynamics of Multiple Object Processing in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: Future Early Diagnostic Biomarkers?

Bagattini

Mazza

Panizza

et al. 2017

JAD

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The aim of this study was to investigate the behavioral and electrophysiological dynamics of multiple object processing (MOP) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and to test whether its neural signatures may represent reliable diagnostic biomarkers. Behavioral performance and event-related potentials [N2pc and contralateral delay activity (CDA)] were measured in AD, MCI, and healthy controls during a MOP task, which consisted in enumerating a variable number of targets presented among distractors. AD patients showed an overall decline in accuracy for both small and large target quantities, whereas in MCI patients, only enumeration of large quantities was impaired. N2pc, a neural marker of attentive individuation, was spared in both AD and MCI patients. In contrast, CDA, which indexes visual short term memory abilities, was altered in both groups of patients, with a non-linear pattern of amplitude modulation along the continuum of the disease: a reduction in AD and an increase in MCI. These results indicate that AD pathology shows a progressive decline in MOP, which is associated to the decay of visual short-term memory mechanisms. Crucially, CDA may be considered as a useful neural signature both to distinguish between healthy and pathological aging and to characterize the different stages along the AD continuum, possibly becoming a reliable candidate for an early diagnostic biomarker of AD pathology.

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“…Furthermore, it is a reasonable assumption that the role of the age-related decrease of inhibitory processes [4] is less important in the preattentive processes. In the field of controlled processing, the analysis of event-related potentials (ERPs) has provided valuable insights into the attentional changes with increased age [e.g., 5, 6]. Concerning the preattentive processes, age-related studies are mainly available in the auditory modality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Change Detection in Older and Younger Women: A Visual Mismatch Negativity Study

2018

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Background: In comparison to controlled (attentional) processing, relatively little is known about the age-related changes of the earlier (preattentive) processes. An event-related potential (ERP) index of preattentive (automatic) visual processing, the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) is a good candidate for analyzing age-related differences in the automatic processing of visual events. Objective: So far results concerning age-related changes in vMMN have been equivocal. Our aim was to develop a method resulting in a reliable vMMN in a paradigm short enough to use in the applied field. Methods: We investigated an older (mean age: 66.4 years, n = 15) and a younger (mean age: 22.4 years, n = 15) group of healthy women. ERPs were obtained for checkerboard onset patterns in a passive oddball condition (during which participants performed a tracking task). One of the checkerboards was frequent (standard; p = 0.8), and the other was rare (deviant; p = 0.2). Results: vMMN emerged over posterior locations in the latency range of 100–300 ms in both age groups. The amplitude of the earlier part of the vMMN was similar in the older and the younger participants, but latency was longer in the older group. The later part of the vMMN was slightly diminished in the elderly. Conclusion: Automatic detection of violated sequential regularities, reflected by the vMMN, emerged in the two age groups (earlier vMMN). However, detection of stimulus change, a preattentive visual process delayed in the elderly, and identification of the specific change was compromised in the older participants.

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Electrophysiological Advances on Multiple Object Processing in Aging

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

The brains of aged mice are characterized by altered tissue diffusion properties and cerebral microbleeds

The brains of aged mice are characterized by altered tissue diffusion properties and cerebral microbleeds

Neural Dynamics of Multiple Object Processing in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: Future Early Diagnostic Biomarkers?

Automatic Change Detection in Older and Younger Women: A Visual Mismatch Negativity Study

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