Electrophysiologic Measures of Delayed Maturation in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

A meta-analysis was performed on quantitative EEG (QEEG) studies that evaluated attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using the criteria of the DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition). The nine eligible studies (N = 1498) observed QEEG traits of a theta power increase and a beta power decrease, summarized in the theta/beta ratio with a pooled effect size of 3.08 (95% confidence interval, 2.90, 3.26) for ADHD versus controls (normal children, adolescents, and adults). By statistical extrapolation, an effect size of 3.08 predicts a sensitivity and specificity of 94%, which is similar to previous results 86% to 90% sensitivity and 94% to 98% specificity. It is important to note that the controlled group studies were often with retrospectively set limits, and that in practice the sensitivity and specificity results would likely be more modest. The literature search also uncovered 32 pre-DSM-IV studies of ADHD and EEG power, and 29 of the 32 studies demonstrated results consistent with the meta-analysis. The meta-analytic results are also supported by the observation that the theta/beta ratio trait follows age-related changes in ADHD symptom presentation (Pearson correlation coefficient, 0.996, P = 0.004). In conclusion, this meta-analysis supports that a theta/beta ratio increase is a commonly observed trait in ADHD relative to normal controls. Because it is known that the theta/beta ratio trait may arise with other conditions, a prospective study covering differential diagnosis would be required to determine generalizability to clinical applications. Standardization of the QEEG technique is also needed, specifically with control of mental state, drowsiness, and medication.

show abstract

“…Screened entire schools 10. Ucles and Lorente, 1996 Increased theta/alpha ratio DSM-III-R. Diagnosis not fully described 11.…”

Section: Sensitivity and Specificity For Adhd Versus Normal Controlsmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Meta-analysis of Quantitative EEG Power Associated With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Snyder

Hall

2006

Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology

294

238

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Minor 0167-8760/$ -see front matter D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2005.03.012 differences in these findings between studies have led to different conclusions-that the pattern of activity is indicative of cortical hypoarousal (Satterfield et al, 1984;Chabot and Serfontein, 1996;Clarke et al, 2001a), or a maturational lag in central nervous system development (Lubar, 1991;Mann et al, 1992;Ucles and Lorente, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Event-related potentials in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder of the predominantly inattentive type: An investigation of EEG-defined subtypes

Brown

Clarke

Barry

et al. 2005

International Journal of Psychophysiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The estimate is made by subtracting the spinal motor neuron to muscle latency from the cortex to muscle latency (12). The CMCT in ADHD subjects was found to be increased in previous studies (20,21). However, other studies did not find differences in the CMCT between healthy children and children with ADHD (16,17,19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…TMS procedure was well tolerated by all 24 children. Earlier studies have shown that ADHD subjects have longer CMCT than healthy children (20,21). Uclés et al suggested that increased CMCT in ADHD could be related to delay in the maturation of cortico-motoneuronal system (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Methylphenidate on Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Parameters in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Ozdag

Yorbık

Durukan

et al. 2010

Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni-Bulletin of Clinical Psychophar

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electrophysiologic Measures of Delayed Maturation in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 25 publications

References 10 publications

A Meta-analysis of Quantitative EEG Power Associated With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

A Meta-analysis of Quantitative EEG Power Associated With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Event-related potentials in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder of the predominantly inattentive type: An investigation of EEG-defined subtypes

The Effects of Methylphenidate on Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Parameters in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About