Electrophoretic investigation of the serum proteins of certain birds and their hybrids

Brandt, Linda; Smith, Herman D.; Andrews, A. C.; Clegg, R. E.

doi:10.1016/0003-9861(52)90372-x

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Hybrid serum proteins have been reported in the Fl from species crosses of birds (166) and recently in the haptoglobin component of human serum (167). The genetic basis of the inheritance of two electrophoretically distinct types of haptoglobin was shown by Smi thies & Walker (168,169) .…”

Section: Hybrid Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Action

Yanofsky¹,

Lawrence²

1960

Annu. Rev. Microbiol.

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Evidence supporting the one gene-one protein hypothesis has increased rapidly in the past ten years. The development of techniques for the analysis of the amino acid sequences of proteins and protein fragments (1, 2) and mutational site sequences in genes (3, 4, 5) has opened the door to a direct experimental examination of the details of this relationship. In addition, the presentation of the Watson-Crick model of DNA (6) and the theoretical explorations of nucleotide coding (7 to 11) have provided a comforting theoretical background to questions of how the genetic material specifies the information essential for the assembling of the characteristic amino acid sequence of each protein. The experimental analysis of the precise mecha nism of cytoplasmic protein synthesis has led to an understanding of several major aspects of this process (see review by Novelli in this volume) .The previous history of the relationship of gene-to-protein has been re viewed in detail in recent papers (12, 13), and a list of some 50-odd examples of the effects of mutations on enzymes in 11 different organisms has been published within the last year (13). Therefore, the present paper will be con fined to a discussion of studies with well-analyzed gene-protein systems, and systems which show considerable promise for future investigation. Such studies are providing the gross information which will ultimately seek ex planation at the nucleotide and amino acid level. The discussion will be re stricted for the most part to microbial material. However, the mammalian hemoglobin system will also be discussed since it is proving to be a model for expectations and predictions of the effects of mutations on specific proteins. No attempt has been made to cover every paper on each subject but only those pertinent to the points discussed. In areas related to the main topics considered, general review articles are given as references.The word "gene" assumes different meanings according to the operations used in characterizing it (3). In this review the terms "gene" or "locus" will refer to a segment of the genetic material carrying the information for the 1 The survey of the literature pertaining to this review was concluded in February, 1960. 2 The following abbreviations will be used: CRM (cross-reacting material); DNA (deoxyribonubleic acid); RNA (ribonucleic acid); TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleo tide).

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Section: Hybrid Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Action

Yanofsky¹,

Lawrence²

1960

Annu. Rev. Microbiol.

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“…Brandt et al (1952) reported that mixing sera of two species of birds had an effect on the mobilities of some components. This effect was not observed in any of the mixtures I examined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE SERUM PROTEINS OF THE SPECIES OF TARICHA AND THEIR HYBRIDS

Coates

1967

Evolution

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“…These data suggest the possibility that plasma mercury of laying quail exists as a form which is hardly excreated into feces and urine buttransported into yolk. Efjcct of cstrogenization on retention of mercury: There are many studies on changes in the composition of plasma or sera of birds by the onset of laying (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) and by estro genization (20,23,. In many of birds, the onset of laying caused changes in the majority of the constituents in plasma or sera, such as increases in total lipids (15)(16)(17) and total calcium (13,14,18,23) and appearances of serum vitellin (15,16,18,22,23) and a phosphoprotein (15)(16)(17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Estrogenization on the Distribution of Radiomercury in Quail

Nishimura

Urakawa

1972

Jpn.J.Pharmacol

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It is known that mercury derivatives are transported into eggs developing in the reproduc tive organs of birds (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)). An egg consists of three components; yolk which develops in the ovary, albumen and shell which are secreted from the site of magnum and the site of uterus of the oviduct, respectively (13). It is known also that alkoxy mercury deriva tives (9, 10) and inorganic mercury (10, 12) are transported mostly into egg yolk, and alkyl mercury compounds into egg albumen (1, 3, 5, 6, 10) and shell (1). The difference in the mode of the transportation may be due to the difference in chemical form among these mercurials (9, 12).
On the other hand, the onset of laying in domestic fowls is accompanied by changes in the majority of the plasma components (13-30). Similar changes in the plasma were induced in immature pullets, nonlaying hens, cockerels, and other birds by treatment with estrogens (20,23,. Large quantities of phospholipids and phosphoprotein in the serum of the laying hen are synthesized in the liver in response to estrogens (20,49,52), and the phospholipids and the phosphoprotein are transported and accumulated into ovarian follicles (20).
Rissanen and Mietinen reported that inorganic mercury or alkoxy mercury derivatives possibly bound to the yolk proteins (9). These forms of mercurials would be transported into ovarian follicles via the circurating blood plasma in a yolk-protein bound form. There is a possibility that retention of mercury in birds may be controlled by treatment with es trogens. In this paper, the effect of estrogenization on distribution of radiomercury is compared between male and immature female quail and laying quail, and interrelationship among all the four entities, i.e., laying plsama, estrogens, plasma radiomercury, and yolk radiomercury, is discussed. METHODSQuail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) used in this experiment were of the JQ-NIBS closed strain and were supplied by the Nippon Institute for Biological Science Tachikawa. Both immature female and adult male quail of 4 and 6 weeks, respectively, were employed.Weight was approx. 90 g each while the laying quail weighed approx. 130 g. Quail which

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Electrophoretic investigation of the serum proteins of certain birds and their hybrids

Cited by 27 publications

References 4 publications

Gene Action

Gene Action

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE SERUM PROTEINS OF THE SPECIES OF TARICHA AND THEIR HYBRIDS

Effect of Estrogenization on the Distribution of Radiomercury in Quail

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