Electrophoretic deposition of negatively charged tetratitanate nanosheets and transformation into preferentially oriented TiO2(B) film

Abstract

A tetrabutylammonium-H 2 Ti 4 O 9 ?xH 2 O intercalation compound was obtained by a guest exchange reaction between tetrabutylammonium hydroxide and an ethylammonium-H 2 Ti 4 O 9 ?xH 2 O intercalation compound, and its dispersion state in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions were studied. Spontaneous exfoliation of H 2 Ti 4 O 9 ?xH 2 O into colloidal nanosheets occurred when the tetrabutylammonium-H 2 Ti 4 O 9 ?xH 2 O intercalation compound was dispersed in water, methyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and propylene carbonate, while exfoliation did not occur in tetrahydrofuran. A tetrabutylammonium-H 2 Ti 4 O 9 ?xH 2 O film was obtained by a reassembly process by casting the colloidal suspension containing exfoliated nanosheets, while a H 2 Ti 4 O 9 ?xH 2 O film was directly obtained by electrophoretic deposition. Thermal treatment of the electrophoretically deposited film led to an oriented TiO 2 (B) film with the (0k0) planes lying perpendicular to the substrate.

Addition of TiO2 nanowires in different polymorphs for dye-sensitized solar cells

“…Since TiO 2 (B) contains a relatively large channel structure, it was studied for hydrogen [23] and Li-ion storages [16,[24][25][26]. TiO 2 (B) usually forms a fibrous or rod-like structure [27], and as reported by Sugimoto et al in 2002, a preferentially oriented TiO 2 (B) thin-film can be also prepared [28]. TiO 2 (B) with its one-dimensional tunnel structure is schematically illustrated in Fig.…”

Synthesis of Ti4O7 Nanoparticles by Carbothermal Reduction Using Microwave Rapid Heating

“…The problem of this organotitanium method lies in the fact that the shape control of Ti 4 O 7 is difficult because of the difficulty in controlling the shape of raw TiO 2 . Thus, to synthesize various shapes of nano-sized Ti 4 O 7 , it is necessary to have a method to reduce the pre-produced nano-sized TiO 2 [10][11][12] while also maintaining its morphology. However, the high temperatures and long reaction times required for the reduction of TiO 2 by carbothermal reduction result in the growth and sintering of TiO 2 and submicron-sized Ti 4 O 7 is obtained [13][14][15].…”

Temperature-controlled reversible exfoliation-stacking of titanate nanosheets in an aqueous solution containing tetraalkylammonium ions

“…3a, the XRD pattern of sample deposited at 25 o C displayed a single diffraction line, assigned to the (200) plane of tetratitanate that is parallel to the two-dimensional interlayer space of nanosheets. 17,18 The interlayer distance (0.94 nm) calculated by the d-spacing (1.69 nm) and the nanosheet thickness was nearly equal to the ionic size of TBA + (~ 1.0 nm). 11 That is, the TBA + was interstratified between the negatively charged titanate layers during the drying.…”