Electrophoretic Deposition of Biocompatible and Bioactive Hydroxyapatite-Based Coatings on Titanium

Abstract

Current trends in biomaterials science address the issue of integrating artificial materials as orthopedic or dental implants with biological materials, e.g., patients’ bone tissue. Problems arise due to the simple fact that any surface that promotes biointegration and facilitates osteointegration may also provide a good platform for the rapid growth of bacterial colonies. Infected implant surfaces easily lead to biofilm formation that poses a major healthcare concern since it could have destructive effects and ultimately endanger the patients’ life. As of late, research has centered on designing coatings that would eliminate possible infection but neglected to aid bone mineralization. Other strategies yielded surfaces that could promote osseointegration but failed to prevent microbial susceptibility. Needless to say, in order to assure prolonged implant functionality, both coating functions are indispensable and should be addressed simultaneously. This review summarizes progress in designing multifunctional implant coatings that serve as carriers of antibacterial agents with the primary intention of inhibiting bacterial growth on the implant-tissue interface, while still promoting osseointegration.

Single-step, electrophoretically deposited hydroxyapatite/poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan/gentamicin coating for biomedical applications

“…The substitution with carbonate groups occurred between hydroxyl and phosphate groups from HAP, leading to the formation of A-and B-type substituted HAP, respectively, or combined AB-type substitution. 45,54 As represented in Figure 1, the vibrational mode of the O-C-O group can be detected at around 873 cm -1 , while bands in the region 1400-1500 cm -1 can be attributed to the O-C group vibrational mode. 42 Based on the position of carbonate bands in HAP layers grown on the top of HAP/PVA/CS and HAP/PVA/CS/Gent coatings after immersion in SBF at 37 ºC for 7 and 14 days (Table 1), it can be concluded that both AB-and B-type substitution in HAP occurred.…”

“…27,29,33,39,40 Due to its numerous advantages (e.g., uniform composition and thickness of the deposited coatings, the possibility of deposition on substrates of complex geometries found in orthopedics, low degree of environmental pollution, and room temperature processing, which is crucial for deposition of bioceramic coatings containing thermolabile antibacterial agents) 41 electrophoretic deposition (EPD) was chosen for the production of biocomposite coatings loaded with Gent. [41][42][43][44][45] Electrophoretic deposition of composite coatings containing chitosan and gentamicin (along with methyl-cellulose, 46 gelatin and bioactive glass, 47 gelatin, silica-gentamicin and bioactive glass, 48 hydroxyapatite 49 , etc.) has been reported in the literature.…”

Dental Implants: Modern Materials and Methods of Their Surface Modification

“…Electrophoretic deposition of coatings [340][341][342] A relatively simple low-temperature method for forming coatings on an electrically conductive substrate. Virtually indifferent to the shape of the coated surface, it has high productivity and is well adapted to mass production.…”

Study of Nanohydroxyapatite Coatings Prepared by the Electrophoretic Deposition Method at Various Voltage and Time Parameters

“…To increase defense against infections, hydroxyapatite coatings can be doped with Ag and Sr. This modification promotes osteoblast proliferation and especially causes increased levels of alkaline phosphatase biomarkers of osteogenesis [15,16]. Additionally, the addition of strontium in the hydroxyapatite coating improves its adhesion to the substrate [17].…”