“…A wide range of structures with different composition and complex shapes can be obtained with traditional and/or advanced materials to find applications in different fields, e.g., multilayered composites, solar cells, batteries and electrochemical capacitors, solid oxide fuel cells, sensors, biomedical materials, catalysts, and many others. Compared to other material processing methods, EPD has the advantages of flexibility, simple apparatus and equipment, short processing time and cost-effectiveness [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. Despite the simplicity of the technique, very few studies report the deposition of TiN coatings by EPD and all are devoted to the preparation of protective films on dense substrates.…”