Electrophoretic-deposited MXene titanium coatings in regulating bacteria and cell response for peri-implantitis

Abstract

Background: Two-dimensional(2D)MXenes have continued to receive increasing interest from researchers due to their graphene-like properties, in addition to their versatile properties for applications in electronic devices, power generation, sensors, drug delivery, and biomedicine. However, their construction and biological properties as titanium coatings to prevent peri-implantitis are still unclear.Materials and methods: In this work, few-layer Ti3C2Tx MXene coatings with different thicknesses at varied depositing voltages (30, 40, and 50 V) were constructed by anodic electrophoretic deposition without adding any electrolytic ions. In vitro cytocompatibility assay was performed on preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) cell lines after the characterization of the coating. Meanwhile, the antibacterial activity against bacteria which are closely related to peri-implantitis including Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and its drug-resistant strain MRSA was further investigated.Results: MXene-coated titanium models with different thicknesses were successfully assembled by analyzing the results of characterization. The compounding of Ti3C2Tx could significantly improve the initial adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Moreover, the coating can effectively inhibit the adhesion and cell activity of S. aureus and MRSA, and MRSA expressed greater restricting behavior than S. aureus. The ability to promote antibacterial activity is proportional to the content of Ti3C2Tx. Its antioxidant capacity to reduce ROS in the culture environment and bacterial cells was first revealed.Conclusion: In summary, this work shows a new avenue for MXene-based nano-biomaterials under the clinical problem of multiple antibiotic resistance.

Plasmon-enhanced photothermal properties of Au@Ti3C2Tx nanosheets for antibacterial applications

“…This was in accordance with the previous findings, in which Ti 3 C 2 T x NSs exhibited antioxidant activity. 53,54 These results suggested that the ROS might not be a major factor for the antibacterial activity is this study.…”

Potential Biosafety of Mxenes: Stability, Biodegradability, Toxicity and Biocompatibility

“…Moreover, there are numerous studies that confirm the opposite – their anti‐inflammatory effect [15,18,33,34,99] . Also, they demonstrate some positive effects, for example, antiapoptotic, [19,20] osteoinductive activity, [36,100] or antioxidant activity [19,51,99,101,102] . Importantly, toxicity studies of MXenes in rodents summarized in Table 4 did not show any signs of tissue damages or functional differences.…”

“…[15,18,33,34,99] Also, they demonstrate some positive effects, for example, antiapoptotic, [19,20] osteoinductive activity, [36,100] or antioxidant activity. [19,51,99,101,102] Importantly, toxicity studies of MXenes in rodents summarized in Table 4 did not show any signs of In general, all of the above makes them suitable for biological application. However, in fact, the use of MXenes in biomedicine is currently a fairly new and poorly studied direction.…”

MXene: A wonderful nanomaterial in antibacterial

“…Pure MXene can be used in antimicrobial applications in the form of coatings. Huang et al ( Huang et al, 2022 ) prepared Ti 3 C 2 T x coating on the surface of plain titanium by anodic electrophoretic deposition. The experimental data shows that the coating has great hydrophilicity and bonding strength, which can inhibit the adhesion of S. aureus and MRSA and hinder biomembrane formation, effectively preventing the peri-implantitis.…”