Electrophoretic analysis of Bence Jones proteinuria

Marshall, T. C.; Williams, Katherine M.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1522-2683(19990601)20:7<1307::aid-elps1307>3.0.co;2-p

Cited by 35 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 134 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…Other explanations may be the easy leakage of the kidney for FLC n, subtle tubular dysfunctions with increased FLC excretions, particularly for n, and the presence of truncated molecules of FLC, such as FLC fragments with inadequate reabsorption in the kidney. FLC fragments are known to occur in patients with multiple myeloma and other plasma cell dyscrasias (13,14). Of particular interest is the finding that this group of samples had a very high 24-hour FLC clearance for n, indicating a rapid renal excretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…It might be that higher mechanical concentrations of urine than used in our study could have resulted in a higher sensitivity of IFE tests, but highly concentrated urines, particularly in case of multiple myeloma, may be associated with a number of disadvantages, including loss of FLC as low-molecular-weight proteins, increased background, appearance of ladder patterns and prozone effects making interpretation of IFE tests more difficult or requiring subsequent dilution steps. Multiple myeloma is usually accompanied by a wide range of urinary protein excretions, in our study between 0.011 and 22.83 g/24 hours, which makes the use of an appropriate degree of urine concentration difficult and has led to contradictory suggestions regarding this point (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum Free Light Chain Analysis and Urine Immunofixation Electrophoresis in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Nowrousian¹,

Brandhorst²,

Sammet³

et al. 2005

Clinical Cancer Research

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Purpose: Retrospective studies have shown that immunoassays measuring free light chains (FLC) in serum are useful for diagnosis and monitoring of multiple myeloma. This study prospectively evaluates the use of FLC assays and, for the first time, investigates the relationship between serum FLC concentrations and the presence and detectability of BenceJones (BJ) proteins in the urine. Patients and Methods: Three hundred seventy-eight paired samples of serum and urine were tested from 82 patients during the course of their disease. The sensitivities of serum FLC analysis and urine immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) in detecting monoclonal FLC were compared. Serum FLC concentrations required for producing BJ proteins detected by IFE were determined. Results: Abnormal FLC were present in 54% of serum samples compared with 25% by urine tests. In abnormal serum samples for n or E, the sensitivity of IFE to detect the respective BJ proteins in urine were 51% and 35% and the median serum FLC concentrations required to produce detectable BJ proteins were 113 and 278 mg/L. Renal excretions of monoclonal FLC increased with serum concentrations, but excretions significantly decreased at high serum concentrations combined with renal dysfunction. Conclusion: Serum FLC assays are significantly more sensitive for detecting monoclonal FLC than urine IFE analysis. They also have the advantage of FLC quantification and are more reliable for monitoring disease course and response to treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Free Light Chain Analysis and Urine Immunofixation Electrophoresis in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Nowrousian¹,

Brandhorst²,

Sammet³

et al. 2005

Clinical Cancer Research

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“…Serum biochemical profiles had yielded equivocal results, and monoclonal IgA gammopathies were readily detected using either immunofixation or Ig quantification. Typically, a monoclonal protein, or M‐protein, is suspected after hyperglobulinemia or hyperproteinemia is detected, and then additional more precise and specific diagnostic tests, including agarose gel, cellulose acetate, or capillary zone protein electrophoresis, immunofixation electrophoresis, and immunoelectrophoresis, can be performed on either serum or urine 2–4 . To our knowledge, these cases represent the first complete descriptions of Ig‐secreting neoplasms in the dog that were associated with unremarkable globulin concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Monoclonal gammopathy without hyperglobulinemia in 2 dogs with IgA secretory neoplasms

Seelig¹,

Perry

Avery³

et al. 2010

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Two dogs, an 8.5-year-old intact male Golden Retriever and a 10-year-old spayed female English Springer Spaniel, each with varied clinical histories, were referred to the Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for evaluation of hypercalcemia and severe anemia, respectively. In each dog, serum total protein and globulin concentrations were within reference intervals. Cytologic examination of bone marrow aspirates from both dogs revealed moderate to marked numbers of atypical lymphoid cells with plasma cell features. Using serum immunofixation and serum immunoglobulin (Ig) quantification, a monoclonal Ig protein was identified. In conjunction with other clinicopathologic and molecular findings, IgA secretory neoplasms, B-cell lymphoma with plasmacytoid features and multiple myeloma (MM), were diagnosed. To our knowledge, these cases represent the first descriptions of IgA-secreting neoplasms in dogs that lacked hyperglobulinemia. In cases of suspected B-cell lymphoma or MM in dogs, serum proteins should be fully evaluated for the presence of a monoclonal Ig even in dogs that lack characteristic hyperproteinemia or hyperglobulinemia. This evaluation will aid in the diagnosis of secretory B-cell lymphoma or MM leading to appropriate clinical and therapeutic case management.

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“…If the M component is migrating in the region of the electrophoretic gel and is increased, whereas the other immunoglobulins are decreased, the concentration of M component can be measured most accurately by densitometry. Second, the high incidence of albuminuria makes accurate quantitation of urinary light chain excretion more complicated than it is in multiple myeloma [93]. Often, the monoclonal protein loss is small and comprises only a small percentage of the total urinary protein loss so that accurate serial quantitation of the urinary monoclonal protein is fraught with technical problems.…”

Section: Hematologic (Immunochemical) Response Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Definition of organ involvement and treatment response in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL): A consensus opinion from the 10th International Symposium on Amyloid and Amyloidosis

et al. 2005

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Electrophoretic analysis of Bence Jones proteinuria

Cited by 35 publications

References 134 publications

Serum Free Light Chain Analysis and Urine Immunofixation Electrophoresis in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Serum Free Light Chain Analysis and Urine Immunofixation Electrophoresis in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Monoclonal gammopathy without hyperglobulinemia in 2 dogs with IgA secretory neoplasms

Definition of organ involvement and treatment response in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL): A consensus opinion from the 10th International Symposium on Amyloid and Amyloidosis

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