In this paper, we discuss the cyclotron resonance in II-VI compounds in very high magnetic fields, in particular, those in CdS where many different anomalies were observed in high magnetic fields. High magnetic fields enable us to observe clean cyclotron resonance spectra even in low mobility crystals, thus in most II-VI semiconductors we can study the polaron effect up to the high energy range well above the LO phonon energy. Resonant polaron effect is observed prominently and we can estimate the electron-phonon coupling strength from the magnitude of the anticrossing effect. In addition to the resonant polaron interaction, it was found that cyclotron effective mass shows a peculiar temperature dependence which is explained theoretically by the combination of the electron-phonon interaction and the impurity scattering.1 Introduction In high magnetic fields, the effective mass of electrons and holes are largely modified by the non-parabolicity of energy bands due to the k Á p interaction between the bands. The effective mass is usually significantly larger than the band edge mass when we measure it in high magnetic fields. In polar semiconductors such as II-VI or III-V compounds, the polaron effect is also a key factor that determines the effective mass. Electrons strongly interact with LO phonons and conduct a motion as polarons which have heavier mass than bare electrons.When hw c approaches the LO phonon energy hw 0 in high magnetic fields, the interaction between electrons and LO phonons increases resonantly and a large break takes place in the magnetic field dependence of the energy of the Landau levels. The effect of the enhanced electron-LO phonon interaction near the resonance condition is called the resonant polaron effect. The effect was first observed by Dickey, Johnson and Larsen in n-type InSb where such a resonance can be readily achieved due to the light effective mass [1]. Many investigations have been made on the resonant polaron effect both theoretically [2][3][4][5] and experimentally [6][7][8][9][10][11][13][14][15]. The polaron pinning effect was observed also for the impurity transitions [16].