Electronic structure of ZnO(0001) studied by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy

Girard, R.; Tjernberg, Oscar; Chiaia, G.; Söderholm, S.; Karlsson, Ulf O.; Wigren, C.; Nylén, H.; Lindau, I.

doi:10.1016/s0039-6028(96)01181-8

Cited by 127 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…18 In agreement with these theoretical findings, photoemission experiments could not provide evidence for a metallic surface state. 13 It has been stated that a depletion of the metallic surface state results in energetically more favorable surface terminations. Removal of Zn-atoms depletes the surface state of the (1 × 1) bulk-terminated surface by decreasing the number of electrons in the surface state with the most stable termination corresponding to a reduction of the terminating Zn layer by 25%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,11 However, more recent studies indicate that electron transfer is not an adequate model, 12 and up to now photoemission experiments could not provide evidence for the proposed surface state. 13,14 Second, charged species may be adsorbed to reduce the formal oxidation state of the surface ions. Helium atom scattering (HAS) experiments suggest the presence of well-ordered H-(1 × 1) overlayers on both the O-and Zn-terminated surfaces upon exposure to hydrogen, [15][16][17] pointing toward a common stabilization mechanism of the polar surfaces by hydrogen adsorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Stabilization of Zinc-Terminated ZnO(0001) by a Modified Surface Stoichiometry

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The stabilization of polar oxide surfaces is of fundamental interest for understanding many processes in surface chemistry. We study the zinc-terminated Zn-ZnO(0001), a surface important in heterogeneous catalysis, by highest resolution scanning force microscopy (SFM) operated in the noncontact mode (NC-AFM). While most of the surface morphology is dominated by a phase consisting of triangular shaped nanostructures, we observe a coexisting (1 × 3) reconstructed phase where the reconstruction is ascribed to the formation of missing Zn-rows. Our findings provide evidence that the electrostatic instability of the polar Zn-ZnO(0001) surface can be canceled by a reduction of the surface charge by 1/3 which is considerably larger than the value of 1/4 derived from a simple ionic model for polar stabilization. Within the presented model for the (1 × 3) reconstruction, the role of point defects tentatively ascribed to hydrogen adsorbed on top of double Zn-rows forming zinc-hydride is discussed.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of Zinc-Terminated ZnO(0001) by a Modified Surface Stoichiometry

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…11,45 In consequence, the Zn-d states hybridize stronger with the O-p valence bands, thereby shifting them unphysically close to the conduction band. The underestimate for the band gap is therefore even more severe in ZnO than in other semiconductors.…”

Section: Theoretical Details a Methods Of Calculation And Bulk Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density-functional study of the structure and stability of ZnO surfaces

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An extensive theoretical investigation of the nonpolar (1010) and (1120) surfaces as well as the polar zinc terminated (0001)-Zn and oxygen terminated (0001)-O surfaces of ZnO is presented. Particular attention is given to the convergence properties of various parameters such as basis set, k-point mesh, slab thickness, or relaxation constraints within LDA and PBE pseudopotential calculations using both plane wave and mixed basis sets. The pros and cons of different approaches to deal with the stability problem of the polar surfaces are discussed. Reliable results for the structural relaxations and the energetics of these surfaces are presented and compared to previous theoretical and experimental data, which are also concisely reviewed and commented.

show abstract

“…For pure ZnO NWs, the peak around 10.6 eV and the broadband around 7.6 and 5.0 eV are known to have originated from Zn 3d, mixed Zn 4s-O 2p and O 2p states, respectively. 41 By extrapolating the leading edge of the O 2p-derived valence band to its intersection with background counts, the positions of the Fermi level with respect to the valence band maximum (VBM) was determined, as shown in the inset of Figure 6a. The Fermi level is located at 3.1 eV above the VBM for the pure ZnO NWs while it is only 0.9 eV for the Zn 0.92 Mg 0.08 O:P NWs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Doped Zn_1-xMg_xO Nanowire Arrays

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We demonstrate the growth of phosphorus doped Zn 1-x Mg x O nanowire (NW) using pulsed laser deposition. For the first time, p-type Zn 0.92 Mg 0.08 O:P NWs are likely obtained in reference to atomic force microscopy based piezoelectric output measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the transport property between the NWs and a n-type ZnO film. A shallow acceptor level of ∼140 meV is identified by temperaturedependent photoluminescence. A piezoelectric output of 60 mV on average has been received using the doped NWs. Besides a control on NW aspect ratio and density, band gap engineering has also been achieved by alloying with Mg to a content of x ) 0.23. The alloyed NWs with controllable conductivity type have potential application in high-efficiency all-ZnO NWs based LED, high-output ZnO nanogenerator, and other optical or electrical devices.

show abstract

Electronic structure of ZnO(0001) studied by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy

Cited by 127 publications

References 27 publications

Stabilization of Zinc-Terminated ZnO(0001) by a Modified Surface Stoichiometry

Stabilization of Zinc-Terminated ZnO(0001) by a Modified Surface Stoichiometry

Density-functional study of the structure and stability of ZnO surfaces

Phosphorus Doped Zn_1-xMg_xO Nanowire Arrays

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Electronic structure of ZnO(0001) studied by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy

Cited by 127 publications

References 27 publications

Stabilization of Zinc-Terminated ZnO(0001) by a Modified Surface Stoichiometry

Stabilization of Zinc-Terminated ZnO(0001) by a Modified Surface Stoichiometry

Density-functional study of the structure and stability of ZnO surfaces

Phosphorus Doped Zn1-xMgxO Nanowire Arrays

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Phosphorus Doped Zn_1-xMg_xO Nanowire Arrays