Electronic Nose:  Current Status and Future Trends

Röck, Frank; Bârsan, Nicolae; Weimar, Udo

doi:10.1021/cr068121q

Cited by 1,244 publications

(814 citation statements)

References 236 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

792

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Since the boar compounds may occur only in minor concentrations, this technology must be seen as a fingerprinting technique, and would reflect rather an indirect relation to the boar odour compounds or sensory perceived boar odour. State-of-the-art gas-sensor array-based methods replace neither complex analytical equipment nor odour panels, but may if successful, supplement them (Rö ck et al, 2008). It is essential for further work in this field, that these techniques are being validated properly to prove their fitness for purpose.…”

Section: Rapid Detection Of Boar Taint In Pork Carcassesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pig meat quality from entire males

Lundström

Matthews

Haugen

2009

Animal

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper constitutes an updated review of the production and meat quality aspects of rearing entire male pigs. Since a major obstacle in rearing entire males is the incidence of boar taint, possible methods for detection are also summarised. Safe and fast methods for detection of boar taint would be valuable in avoiding complaints from consumers. Pig meat quality is determined by many aspects, among which odour and taste are the most important attributes. Odour may be negatively affected by the presence of a pheromonal steroid, androstenone, and a fermentation product of L-tryptophan, skatole. Male pigs are surgically castrated in many countries to minimise the risk of accumulation of high levels of androstenone and skatole. Raising entire male pigs is more profitable because they have superior production characteristics and improved meat quality due to leaner carcasses and higher protein content, as compared to castrated pigs. Furthermore, surgical castration is negative from an animal welfare point of view. In most studies, no differences in sensory quality have been found between lean meat from entire male pigs with low levels of androstenone and skatole and pork from castrates and females. The question that remains is: which substances are responsible for boar taint besides androstenone and skatole and whether they need to be considered? The threshold values used for androstenone and skatole might also be too high for highly sensitive persons. Recent research shows that a human odorant receptor, ORD7D4, is involved in sensitivity to androstenone. If the ORD7D4 genotypes of consumer and expert panels are known, this might facilitate consumer studies in the future. There is still a great need for rapid on/at-line detection methods in abattoirs for identifying carcasses with unacceptable levels of boar taint compounds. Several emerging rapid technologies with a potential for boar taint detection have been investigated. They represent various measurement principles such as chemical sensor arrays (electronic noses), mass-spectrometry fingerprinting, ultra-fast gas chromatography, gas-phase spectrometry and biosensors. An industrial detection method should allow 100% correct classification of both acceptable and not-acceptable samples with regard to boar taint sorting criteria. There are, however, still too high a percentage of false negatives ranging from 5% to 20%. In addition, these methods do not yet seem to fulfil the industrial specifications with regard to cost efficiency, simplicity and analysis time. There is still no dedicated measurement technology available for on/at-line detection of boar-tainted carcasses that measures both androstenone and skatole.Keywords: pig meat quality, castration, entire males, detection methods, review ImplicationsBoar taint is the main reason that is preventing the production of entire male pigs in most countries. Across Europe, the majority of male piglets intended for pork production are surgically castrated to avoid potential consumer dissatisfaction because of boar tai...

show abstract

Section: Rapid Detection Of Boar Taint In Pork Carcassesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pig meat quality from entire males

Lundström

Matthews

Haugen

2009

Animal

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1 Alternatively, electronic nose technologies have been used to detect several kinds of compounds by an array of different sensors, providing an instantaneous and holistic response to the particular gas. 2,3 These devices are generally based on metal-oxide semiconductors and on conducting polymers. 4 They are appropriate for the discrimination of analytes of different chemical functionality, but not when these are within the same chemical class, 5 or when we try to detect metal-binding species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anchoring effect on (tetra)carboxyphenyl porphyrin/TiO₂composite films for VOC optical detection

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The optical gas sensing properties of Zn-(II) -5,10,15,20-tetra(3-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (m-ZnTCPP) and Zn-(II)-5,10,15,20-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (p-ZnTCPP) bound to microcolumnar TiO 2 thin films have been compared and explained in terms of their different molecular structure and anchoring to the titania surface. This different binding has been confirmed by specular reflectance FTIR revealing that m-ZnTCPP is bound by its four carboxylic groups in contrast to p-ZnTCPP where two or three of these groups remain unanchored. As a consequence, the Soret band of the para derivative is blue shifted with respect to the solution, indicating H aggregation, while m-ZnTCPP remained in its monomeric form due to the planar anchoring by the four COOH groups to the titania matrix that would avoid porphyrin aggregation. The sensing performance of the two systems has been assessed by analyzing the spectral changes in their UV-visible spectra under exposure to six volatile organic compounds. Although the highly porous and non-dispersive TiO 2 matrix allow good sensing ability in both cases, the response of the m-ZnTCPP/TiO 2 composite has been found to be more intense and faster than that of p-ZnTCPP.Moreover, the use of identification patterns also indicates that the meta derivative achieves a more selective recognition of the selected analytes. This improvement in the sensing capabilities of m-ZnTCPP has been attributed to the absence of aggregation between adjacent macrocycles.

show abstract

“…Standard xylene gas was obtained by vaporizing a given amount of 99.5% xylene liquid inside a 600 cm 3 vessel. The concentration of the xylene gas was confirmed by a commercial xylene gas detection tube (Gastec).…”

Section: Btx Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many works have been done on sensitivity to BTX such as electric noses [3,4], chromatography [5], and electrochemical sensor [6], and these detectors are accurate, yet bulky and expensive, and require higher operating temperature. In comparison, the optical waveguide (OWG) sensors [7][8][9] are small in size, of high sensitivity, of fast response time, monitored at room temperature, and of intrinsically safe detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Waveguide BTX Gas Sensor Based on Yttrium-Doped Lithium Iron Phosphate Thin Film

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Yttrium-doped LiFePO 4 powder was synthesized using the hydrothermal method in one step and was used as a sensing material. An optical waveguide (OWG) sensor based on Yttrium-doped LiFePO 4 has been developed by spin coating a thin film of LiFe 0.99 Y 0.01 PO 4 onto a single-mode Tin-diffused glass optical waveguide. Light was coupled into and out of glass OWG employed by a pair of prisms. The guided wave transmits in waveguide layer and passes through the film as an evanescent wave. The sensing film is stable in air, but when exposed to target gas at room temperature, its optical properties such as transmittance (T) and refractive index (n f ) were changed; thus, the transmitted light intensity was changed. The LiFe 0.99 Y 0.01 PO 4 thin film OWG exhibits reversible response to xylene gas in the range of 0.1-1000 ppm. When the concentration of BTX gases was lower than 1ppm, other substances caused a little interference with the detection of xylene vapor. Compared to pure LiFePO 4 thin film OWG, this sensor exhibited higher sensitivity to BTXs.

show abstract

Electronic Nose: Current Status and Future Trends

Cited by 1,244 publications

References 236 publications

Pig meat quality from entire males

Pig meat quality from entire males

Anchoring effect on (tetra)carboxyphenyl porphyrin/TiO₂composite films for VOC optical detection

Optical Waveguide BTX Gas Sensor Based on Yttrium-Doped Lithium Iron Phosphate Thin Film

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Electronic Nose: Current Status and Future Trends

Cited by 1,244 publications

References 236 publications

Pig meat quality from entire males

Pig meat quality from entire males

Anchoring effect on (tetra)carboxyphenyl porphyrin/TiO2composite films for VOC optical detection

Optical Waveguide BTX Gas Sensor Based on Yttrium-Doped Lithium Iron Phosphate Thin Film

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Anchoring effect on (tetra)carboxyphenyl porphyrin/TiO₂composite films for VOC optical detection