Electronic Nicotine Delivery System: End to Smoking or Just a New Fancy Cigarette

Abstract

Smoking and tobacco chewing are the predominant causes of oral cancer. Tobacco is the second-most widely consumed psychoactive substance. There are numerous ways to quit smoking, of which one is electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). E-cigarette use is a brand-new, global trend. E-cigarette is a battery-operated device that heats a liquid to create a vapor that the consumer inhales. Several countries have acknowledged that the first step toward electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) management is a precise classification of ENDS within the limits of current legislation. Countries have currently categorized ENDS into four generations. People's perceptions about tobacco products have altered recently as a consequence of the advertising of ENDS. The likelihood of starting to smoke cigarettes was four times higher in adolescents who used ENDS, and the probability of quitting was reduced and often prolonged in those who used ENDS. In addition, ENDS normalizes smoking-like actions including inhaling in and exhaling smoke. Adverse marketing via geographic locations and social media platforms, as well as nicotine's irreversible effects on growing adolescent and young adult brains that predispose individuals to addicted behaviors, may be responsible for their rising appeal among teenagers. Despite this, ENDS use has risen among young individuals who have never smoked and undoubtedly face more health risks than those who do not use ENDS. The oral cavity is the first to encounter ENDS in individuals and where it initially affects the human system. As a known contributor to cardiovascular diseases, neurological conditions, and cancers, nicotine seems to be a serious cause for concern. This review provides a concise summary of the research on the components, mode of action, applications, and effects of e-cigarettes on oral as well as systemic systems.

Popular Trend of Electronic Cigarettes and Their Adverse Effects on Oral Health

“…Additionally, artificial flavors in e-cigarettes can make Streptococcus mutans adhere to the surfaces of teeth. Recent research has demonstrated that vaping might cause xerostomia, a disorder that promotes the formation of dental caries [5]. E-cigarette users have the goal of quitting smoking and consider it a safer alternative to traditional cigarettes.…”

e-Cigarettes: Assessing the differences and the harms

“…Notably, vaping does not involve the combustion or generation of tobacco smoke; therefore individuals do not subject themselves or others to numerous harmful substances released in the smoke produced by traditional cigarettes. 2…”

“…This current generation is witnessing rapid expansion with the introduction of numerous new models. 2…”

“…Psychological risks include the strain caused by dependence, potentially resulting in anxiety, shame and financial strain. 2…”

“…Notably, ENDS exposure promotes lipid accumulation in alveolar macrophages, a phenomenon not observed with traditional smoking and seemingly independent of nicotine. 2…”