Electronic Ni–N interaction enhanced reductive amination on an N-doped porous carbon supported Ni catalyst

Abstract

Low cost and high efficiency catalysts for the reductive amination of carbonyl compounds are critical to the utilization of renewable biomass. In this paper, a highly efficient N-doping porous carbon...

Electron-Rich Ru Supported on N-Doped Coffee Biochar for Selective Reductive Amination of Furfural to Furfurylamine

“…Subsequently, XPS of Ru/CB-600 and Ru/NCB-600 were carried out to disclose the effects of N doping on the electronic microenvironment of Ru (Figure ). For Ru/CB-600, Figure a depicts the N 1s XPS spectra, which were fitted to three different N species: 398.5 eV (pyridinic N), 400.4 eV (pyrrolic N), and 401.2 eV (graphitic N), respectively Figure b shows Ru 3d XPS spectra of Ru/CB-600, and the binding energy of Ru 3d 5/2 is 280.3 eV, which can be attributed to metallic Ru .…”

“…A possible reaction route for the reductive amination of furfural on Ru/NCB-600 can be proposed based on the results mentioned above (Figure S6 and Table S4) and previous reported literature, 10,13,34 as shown in Scheme 1. First, furfural (1i) reacts with NH 3 to produce unstable furfurylamine (2i).…”

“…For Ru/CB-600, Figure 2a depicts the N 1s XPS spectra, which were fitted to three different N species: 398.5 eV (pyridinic N), 400.4 eV (pyrrolic N), and 401.2 eV (graphitic N), respectively. 34 Figure 2b shows Ru 3d XPS spectra of Ru/CB-600, and the binding energy of Ru 3d 5/2 is 280.3 eV, which can be attributed to metallic Ru. 35 For Ndoped Ru/NCB-600 (Figure 2c), there are five deconvoluted N components appeared at 398.6 eV (pyridinic N), 399.4 eV (Ru−N), 400.5 eV (pyrrolic N), 401.5 eV (graphitic N), and 404.4 eV (O x −N), respectively.…”

“…35 For Ndoped Ru/NCB-600 (Figure 2c), there are five deconvoluted N components appeared at 398.6 eV (pyridinic N), 399.4 eV (Ru−N), 400.5 eV (pyrrolic N), 401.5 eV (graphitic N), and 404.4 eV (O x −N), respectively. 34 The area percentages of different N species on Ru/CB-600 and Ru/NCB-600 are shown in Table S3. The area percentages of pyrrolic N (from 34.5 to 18.2%) and pyridinic N (from 29.3 to 26.2%) on Ru/ NCB-600 decreased compared with Ru/CB-600, and the decrease of pyrrolic N and pyridinic N can be attributed to the formation of Ru−N species (19.6%), both of which can be preferentially paired with metal ions (Table S3).…”

Construction of biomass-based amines via Ir-mediated N-alkylation: kinetic analysis

“…The reported catalysts for the hydrogenative amination of 3a/NH 3 -to-1b generally include Ru, Rh, Pd, Co, and Ni. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] In order to improve 1b selectivity, hydrous hydrazine was subsequently investigated for hydrogenative amination as a nitrogen source with hydrazone as a reaction intermediate using a Ru catalyst. 10 In addition to 1b, tris(2-furanylmethyl)amine (8), a typically biomass-based tertiary amine, was recently developed through consecutive reductive amination of 3a using the Rh 2 P catalyst.…”