Electronic Cigarettes

Bhatnagar, Aruni; Whitsel, Laurie; Ribisl, Kurt M.; Bullen, Chris; Chaloupka, Frank J.; Piano, Mariann R.; Robertson, Rose M arie; McAuley, Timothy; Goff, David C.; Benowitz, Neal L.

doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000107

Cited by 353 publications

(218 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Electronic cigarettes (e‐cigarettes), vaporizers, vape pens, hookah pens, and electronic pipes are some of the many types of electronic nicotine delivery systems that were introduced in the United States in 2006–2007 and have since increased in popularity across all age groups 1. A review of the literature including 21 articles comparing the prevalence and correlates of e‐cigarette use showed that the prevalence of ever using e‐cigarettes in 2011 was highest among young adults (aged 18–28 years; 4.9–7.0%), with overall prevalence of ever using e‐cigarettes among all adults (aged ≥18 years) ranging from 0.6% to 6.2%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Cigarette Use Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Pattern by Cigarette Smoking Status in the United States From NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 2013–2014

Jaber

Mirbolouk

DeFilippis

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundTo examine the prevalence and patterns of recent electronic cigarette (e‐cigarette) use in a nationally representative sample of US adults and adolescents.Methods and ResultsUsing tobacco information from NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 2013–2014, 5423 adults and 895 adolescents (aged 13–17 years) were included in this analysis. Demographic, tobacco use, and drug use information were self‐reported. Recent e‐cigarette use (within the previous 5 days) was stratified by smoking status. Of 125 e‐cigarette users, 116 participants were aged ≥18 years, corresponding to 2.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.0–3.1) and 1.21% (95% CI, 0.3–2.1) prevalence of e‐cigarette use among US adults and adolescents, respectively. E‐cigarette adult users were current smokers (68.1%), former smokers (23.7%), and never smokers (8.2%). The highest prevalence of e‐cigarette use was among current smokers (8.2%; 95% CI, 6.3–10.1), followed by former smokers (2.7%; 95% CI, 1.4–4.1), and then never smokers (0.4%; 95% CI, 0.2–0.6). After adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity, e‐cigarette users had higher odds of being exposed to secondhand smoke (odds ratio: 6.3; 95% CI, 3.6–11.1) and drinking alcohol (odds ratio: 4.2; 95% CI, 1.8–10.0) and lower odds of having at least a college education or a higher income, compared with tobacco nonusers.ConclusionsBetween 2013 and 2014, e‐cigarette use in the United States was more common among younger people, those with low socioeconomic status, and current and former smokers. These findings will help inform future research as well as public policy and regulatory actions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Cigarette Use Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Pattern by Cigarette Smoking Status in the United States From NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 2013–2014

Jaber

Mirbolouk

DeFilippis

et al. 2018

JAHA

Self Cite

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“…The presence of these toxicants was found to be lower in ECs than in conventional cigarettes but higher compared with nicotine inhaler mist [10,13]. E-liquid nicotine levels also varied by brand and type, with many containing 6-24-mg nicotine/mL e-liquid [14]. In some cases, true nicotine content differed significantly from concentrations indicated on product labels [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In some cases, true nicotine content differed significantly from concentrations indicated on product labels [15][16][17]. By comparison, conventional cigarettes contain about 10-15-mg nicotine/cigarette and deliver about 1-mg nicotine for each cigarette smoked [14]. Evidence is mixed on whether ECs deliver nicotine at rates comparable to conventional cigarettes, but several studies have found ECs to increase users' blood and saliva nicotine and cotinine levels [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal contraception among electronic cigarette users and cardiovascular risk: a systematic review

et al. 2016

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Background: Women who use combined hormonal contraceptives and cigarettes have an increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) events. We reviewed the literature to determine whether women who use hormonal contraceptives (HC) and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) also have an increased risk. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: We searched for articles reporting myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, venous thromboembolism, peripheral arterial disease or changes to CV markers in women using e-cigarettes and HC. We also searched for indirect evidence, such as CV outcomes among e-cigarette users in the general population and among HC users exposed to nicotine, propylene glycol or glycerol. Results: No articles reported on outcomes among e-cigarette users using HC. Among the general population, 13 articles reported on heart rate or blood pressure after e-cigarette use. These markers generally remained normal, even when significant changes were observed. In three studies, changes were less pronounced after e-cigarette use than cigarette use. One MI was reported among 1012 people exposed to ecigarettes in these studies. One article on nicotine and HC exposure found both exposures to be significantly associated with acute changes to heart rate, though mean heart rate remained normal. No articles on propylene glycol or glycerol and HC exposure were identified. Conclusion: We identified no evidence on CV outcomes among e-cigarette users using HC. Limited data reporting mostly acute outcomes suggested that CV events are rare among e-cigarette users in the general population and that e-cigarettes may affect heart rate and blood pressure less than conventional cigarettes. There is a need for research assessing joint HC and e-cigarette exposure on clinical CV outcomes.

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“…El. cigaretėse kaitinamas elektroninis skystis tampa garais, kuriuos įkvepia vartotojas (1 (3)(4). Šiuo metu el.…”

Section: įVadasunclassified

Elektroninės cigaretės: naujas būdas mesti rūkyti ar nauja grėsmė?

Aleknaitė¹,

Andrijauskaitė²,

Latauskienė³

et al. 2016

AML

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Vilniaus universiteto Medicinos fakulteto Vidaus ligų, šeimos medicinos ir onkologijos klinikaNuo 2010 m. tarp suaugusiųjų ir paauglių išaugo elektroninių cigarečių vartojimas. Dauguma el. cigarečių vartotojų anksčiau yra rūkę tradicinius tabako gaminius. Didžioji dalis žmonių el. cigaretes suvokia kaip priemonę, padėsiančią mesti rūkyti ar sumažinti surūkomų įprastinių cigarečių kiekį.Elektroninės cigaretės yra prietaisas, susidedantis iš skysčiu užpildytos kasetės, kaitiklio bei baterijos. Nuspaudus mygtuką įjungiamas kaitiklis, kuris šildo skystį, o, šiam tapus garais, jie įkvepiami.Visų rūšių el. skysčių pagrindinės sudedamosios dalys yra glicerolis arba propileno glikolis, papildomai gali būti pridedama nikotino ir / ar aromatų. Skysčiuose taip pat nustatyta įvairių kitų cheminių medžiagų.Ilgalaikio el. cigarečių vartojimo pasekmės sveikatai nėra išaiškintos, manoma, kad jos turėtų būti saugesnės nei rūkyti įprastines cigaretes. Nėra pakankamai ištirtas el. cigarečių skysčiuose esančių medžiagų toksiškumas. Trūksta duomenų apie el. cigarečių, kaip pagalbinės priemonės norint mesti rūkyti, veiksmingumą ir saugumą.Gydytojas norinčiam mesti rūkyti pacientui pirmiausia turėtų pasiū-lyti patvirtintas pakaitinės nikotino terapijos ar kitas pagalbines priemones ir užtikrinti, kad pacientas gautų informaciją apie naujausius medikamentus, galinčius jam padėti. Jei pacientas atsisako šių priemonių ir renkasi el. cigaretes, gydytojas turėtų informuoti apie abejotiną jų saugumą ir veiksmingumą.Visuomenėje kyla susirūpinimas, kad el. cigarečių rūkymas gali paskatinti priklausomybę nikotinui ir padidinti norą išbandyti įprastines cigaretes. Nerimą kelia ir neapribotas el. cigarečių vartojimas viešosiose vietose. Nėra žinoma, kokią įtaką aplinkinių sveikatai gali turėti pasyvus garinimas.El. cigarečių reglamentavimas visame pasaulyje skiriasi ir laikui bė-gant kinta. Raktažodžiai: elektroninės cigaretės, rūkymas, garinimas ĮVADASElektroninės cigaretės (el. cigaretės) yra elektroninė nikotino vartojimo sistema. El. cigaretėse kaitinamas elektroninis skystis tampa garais, kuriuos įkvepia vartotojas (1).El

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Electronic Cigarettes

Cited by 353 publications

References 108 publications

Electronic Cigarette Use Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Pattern by Cigarette Smoking Status in the United States From NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 2013–2014

Electronic Cigarette Use Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Pattern by Cigarette Smoking Status in the United States From NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 2013–2014

Hormonal contraception among electronic cigarette users and cardiovascular risk: a systematic review

Elektroninės cigaretės: naujas būdas mesti rūkyti ar nauja grėsmė?

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