Electronic and vibrational radiative cooling of the small carbon clusters 
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Kono, Naoko; Suzuki, Ryosuke O.; Furukawa, T.; Matsumoto, Jun; Tanuma, H.; Shiromaru, H.; Azuma, T.; Hansen, Klavs

doi:10.1103/physreva.98.063434

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These are best described as cooling by VC, in the tens of ms time range. An oscillatory pattern then appears with RF cooling for C − 4 [69,70], VC for C − 5 [94], RF cooling for C − 6 [70,[96][97][98], and VC for C − 7 [95]. Experiments on positively charged C + N clusters, in contrast, indicate RF cooling for all the non-fullerene sizes measured, N = 8, 10, 13 − 16 [68], with rate constants scattered around 10 4 s −1 .…”

Section: Decays Of Carbon-based Clustersmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Radiative cooling of size-selected gas phase clusters

Ferrari

Janssens

Lievens

et al. 2019

International Reviews in Physical Chemistry

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Predicted almost forty years ago, the radiation from thermally populated excited electronic states has recently been recognized as an important cooling mechanism in free molecules and clusters. It has presently been observed from both inorganic clusters and carbon-based molecules in molecular beams and ion storage devices. Experiments have demonstrated that many of these systems radiate at rates approaching microsecond time scales, and often with a distinct dependence on the precise number of atoms in the system. The radiation acts as a strongly stabilizing factor against both unimolecular decay and thermal electron emission. In astrophysical context, radiative cooling provides a mechanism to dissipate internal energy in star-forming processes, and stabilizes molecules selectively in the circumstellar medium. The consequences of an active radiative cooling channel for nanoparticle production will likewise favor special sizes in nonequilibrium formation processes. In this review, the radiative cooling of clusters is presented and illustrated with examples of experiments performed on small carbon, metal, and semiconductor clusters, and on PAH molecules. The experimental and theoretical techniques used are discussed, together with the consequences of radiative cooling on size-to-size stability patterns of clusters.

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Section: Decays Of Carbon-based Clustersmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…A more general expression will include contributions from several levels. This is not an unrealistic situation, see for example [69,70]. Apart from an increase of the radiated power, this only affects the decay curves marginally due to the relatively constant value of radiative time constants vs. energy.…”

Section: Radiative Quenching Of Unimolecular Decaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiative cooling of size-selected gas phase clusters

Ferrari

Janssens

Lievens

et al. 2019

International Reviews in Physical Chemistry

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“…Recurrent fluorescence, which has been observed for carbon cluster anions with even numbers of atoms [23,39,40], is not expected to play a significant role in the cooling dynamics of the present target ions. Anions with odd numbers of carbon atoms lack the low-lying electronic states which are required for recurrent fluorescence to compete with thermionic emission [41]. The rate coefficient for thermionic emission is approximately given by [42] k e (E) = ω…”

Section: Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiative cooling of carbon cluster anions C2n+1− (n = 3–5)

et al. 2020

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Radiative cooling of carbon cluster anions C2n+1− (n = 3–5) is investigated using the cryogenic electrostatic ion storage ring DESIREE. Two different strategies are applied to infer infrared emission on slow (milliseconds to seconds) and ultraslow (seconds to minutes) timescales. Initial cooling of the ions over the millisecond timescale is probed indirectly by monitoring the decay in the yield of spontaneous neutralization by thermionic emission. The observed cooling rates are consistent with a statistical model of thermionic electron emission in competition with infrared photon emission due to vibrational de-excitation. Slower cooling over the seconds to minutes timescale associated with infrared emission from low-frequency vibrational modes is probed using time-dependent action spectroscopy. For C9− and C11−, cooling is evidenced by the time-evolution of the yield of photo-induced neutralization following resonant excitation of electronic transitions near the detachment threshold. The cross-section for resonant photo-excitation is at least two orders of magnitude greater than for direct photodetachment. In contrast, C7− lacks electronic transitions near the detachment threshold. Graphical abstract

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“…In fact, at long times, all decays will have ceased but an amount of particles will have been fossilized by the radiation. This is readily observed in storage rings, for example, if the particles are reheated with a laser and resume their decays (Hansen et al, 2001;Kono et al, 2018).…”

Section: Competing Channelsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Decay Dynamics in Molecular Beams

Hansen

2020

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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The phenomenon of power law decays in molecular beams is reviewed. The transition from a canonical to a microcanonical description of the decay is analyzed, and the appearance of the power law decay derived. Deviations from a power law often contain information on parallel competing processes. This is illustrated with examples where thermal radiation or dark unimolecular channels are the competing processes. Also corrections to the power law due to finite heat capacities and from nonideal energy distributions are derived. Finally, the consequences for the interpretation of action spectroscopy data are reviewed.

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Electronic and vibrational radiative cooling of the small carbon clusters C4− and C6−

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Radiative cooling of size-selected gas phase clusters

Radiative cooling of size-selected gas phase clusters

Radiative cooling of carbon cluster anions C2n+1− (n = 3–5)

Decay Dynamics in Molecular Beams

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