Electronegativity and bond type: I. Tripartate separation

Sproul, Gordon

doi:10.1021/ed070p531

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This result in an intriguing d-/sp-metal oxide dividing line along the diagonal Zn, In, Pb/Ga, Sn, Bi with some sp-metals (In, Tl, Pb) of higher atomic number showing a d-like behavior in terms of average bond strength. On the other hand similar (or larger) difficulties arise if the interpolating lines of Figure would be specified on the basis of purely ionic/covalent bonding character of the different oxides. 35a,b …”

Section: A Correlation Between Optical Band Gap Of Binary Oxides and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiempirical Correlation between Optical Band Gap Values of Oxides and the Difference of Electronegativity of the Elements. Its Importance for a Quantitative Use of Photocurrent Spectroscopy in Corrosion Studies

et al. 1997

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A semiempirical correlation between the optical band gap of binary oxides and the difference of electronegativity between the oxygen and metallic elements (Pauling's extraionic energy) is proposed. In the frame of the proposed correlation an estimate of the repulsive term in the total lattice energy of ionic oxides is obtained in very good agreement with the existing data. An extension of the correlation to the ternary oxides and hydroxides is proposed by using the concept of average cationic or anionic group electronegativity. The usefulness of the proposed correlation for the in situ characterization of passive films on metals and alloys by photocurrent spectroscopy is illustrated by reporting some preliminary experimental results on Sn and AlTi alloy.

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Section: A Correlation Between Optical Band Gap Of Binary Oxides and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiempirical Correlation between Optical Band Gap Values of Oxides and the Difference of Electronegativity of the Elements. Its Importance for a Quantitative Use of Photocurrent Spectroscopy in Corrosion Studies

et al. 1997

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“…Two sets of binary compounds of described bonding character are available in the literature: one by this author 24 using compounds selected from the text by Wells, 46 and the second by Meek and Garner 27 with compounds selected from the text by Table 3. Greenwood and Earnshaw.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two sets of binary compounds of described bonding character are available in the literature: one by this author using compounds selected from the text by Wells, and the second by Meek and Garner with compounds selected from the text by Greenwood and Earnshaw . Tabulation of binary compounds, separated into bonding types, is available in the supplementary materials connected to the Meek and Garner paper.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous publication by this author has shown that when binary compounds of a known bonding character are plotted in a two-dimensional graph of the EN values assigned to the two elements, a tripartite separation of these three bonding types results. 24 Various functions can serve to show this separation: 25 plotting Δχ (the difference between the higher and lower χ (EN) values (χ hi ) and (χ lo ), respectively) vs χ avg (the average of the electronegativity values for the two binary elements) produces an isosceles triangle with metals located in a triangle in the lower left, ionic compounds in a parallelogram in the upper region, and covalent compounds in the lower right, and with homoatomic compounds along the baseline. Alternatively, a plot of the unfunctionalized lower EN (χ lo ) vs the higher EN (χ hi ) values produces a right triangle in which metallic compounds are located in a right triangle in the lower left, ionic compounds are in a rectangle in the lower right, and covalent compounds are in a right triangle in the upper region, and with homoatomic compounds found along the hypotenuse.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strong chemical bonds are typically described as arising from ionic, covalent, or metallic forces. A previous publication by this author has shown that when binary compounds of a known bonding character are plotted in a two-dimensional graph of the EN values assigned to the two elements, a tripartite separation of these three bonding types results . Various functions can serve to show this separation: plotting Δχ (the difference between the higher and lower χ (EN) values (χ hi ) and (χ lo ), respectively) vs χ avg (the average of the electronegativity values for the two binary elements) produces an isosceles triangle with metals located in a triangle in the lower left, ionic compounds in a parallelogram in the upper region, and covalent compounds in the lower right, and with homoatomic compounds along the baseline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Electronegativity Scales

Sproul

2020

ACS Omega

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Scales of electronegativity values are used by chemists to describe numerous chemical features such as chemical mechanisms, bond polarity, band gap, atomic hardness, etc. While the many scales provide similar trends, all differ in their predictive quality. Confirmation of the quality of a new scale often uses a previous scale for comparison but does not use independent means to demonstrate the merits of the scale. Utilizing a table of binary compounds of known ionic, covalent, and metallic bonding characters, a means to evaluate electronegativity scales is developed here. By plotting the electronegativity values of the two bonded atoms in binary compounds of a known bonding character, a tripartite separation results that generally divides the three bond types. Using the results of graphs of this sort, the success of bonding separations of 14 different scales of electronegativity has been evaluated on the basis of three quantitative parameters that can provide a measure of the quality of the scales. Three scales, those of Allen, Martynov and Batsanov, and Nagle, have been shown to be superior in their ability to predict the expected separation of bond types. Since this scheme successfully demonstrates the ability to evaluate the quality of electronegativity scales, it can be applied to other scales to establish their effectiveness in predicting bond types in binary compounds and thus the quality of the scales. This scheme is applied to a recently published electronegativity scale to evaluate the ability to determine its quality.

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SCF, CI and DFT Charge Transfers and XPS Chemical Shifts in Fluorinated Compounds

Khoudir

Maruani

Tronc

2000

Quantum Systems in Chemistry and Physics Volume 2

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Electronegativity and bond type: I. Tripartate separation

Abstract: As a unifying concept of bonding, electronegativity has been widely applied but gets only a limited treatment in most general chemistry texts.

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Semiempirical Correlation between Optical Band Gap Values of Oxides and the Difference of Electronegativity of the Elements. Its Importance for a Quantitative Use of Photocurrent Spectroscopy in Corrosion Studies

Semiempirical Correlation between Optical Band Gap Values of Oxides and the Difference of Electronegativity of the Elements. Its Importance for a Quantitative Use of Photocurrent Spectroscopy in Corrosion Studies

Evaluation of Electronegativity Scales

SCF, CI and DFT Charge Transfers and XPS Chemical Shifts in Fluorinated Compounds

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