Electron-Vibration Interaction in the Presence of a Switchable Kondo Resonance Realized in a Molecular Junction

Rakhmilevitch, D.; Korytár, Richard; Bagrets, A.; Evers, Ferdinand; Tal, Oren

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.113.236603

Cited by 51 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Such local heating affects crucially the device properties [13][14][15][16], and have significant influence on some physical processes, such as thermoelectric conversion [17][18][19], heat dissipation [8,19], and electron-phonon interactions [20,21]. All these studies, however, leave open the question of what precisely is a "local temperature" in a nonequilibrium system, a concept that has a well-established meaning only in global equilibrium.…”

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confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic meaning of local temperature of nonequilibrium open quantum systems

Zheng

Yan

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. B

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Measuring the local temperature of nanoscale systems out of equilibrium has emerged as a new tool to study local heating effects and other local thermal properties of systems driven by external fields. Although various experimental protocols and theoretical definitions have been proposed to determine the local temperature, the thermodynamic meaning of the measured or defined quantities remains unclear. By performing analytical and numerical analysis of bias-driven quantum dot systems both in the noninteracting and strongly-correlated regimes, we elucidate the underlying physical meaning of local temperature as determined by two definitions: the zero-current condition that is widely used but not measurable, and the minimal-perturbation condition that is experimentally realizable. We show that, unlike the zero-current one, the local temperature determined by the minimalperturbation protocol establishes a quantitative correspondence between the nonequilibrium system of interest and a reference equilibrium system, provided the probed system observable and the related electronic excitations are fully local. The quantitative correspondence thus allows the wellestablished thermodynamic concept to be extended to nonequilibrium situations.PACS numbers: 05.70. Ln, 71.27.+a, 73.23.Hk, 73.63.Kv Probing the variation of local temperatures in systems out of equilibrium has become a subject of intense experimental interest in physics [1][2][3][4][5], chemistry [6][7][8] and life sciences [9][10][11][12]. With the development of high-resolution thermometry techniques, measurement of some sort of temperature distributions of nonequilibrium systems has been realized, such as in graphene-metal contacts [4], gold interconnect structures [5], and living cells [12].Local electronic and phononic excitations occur in nanoelectronic devices subject to a bias voltage or thermal gradient, and hence the devices are supposedly at a local temperature somewhat higher than the background temperature. Such local heating affects crucially the device properties [13][14][15][16], and have significant influence on some physical processes, such as thermoelectric conversion [17][18][19], heat dissipation [8,19], and electron-phonon interactions [20,21]. All these studies, however, leave open the question of what precisely is a "local temperature" in a nonequilibrium system, a concept that has a well-established meaning only in global equilibrium.Over the past decade, numerous experimental [15,[22][23][24][25][26][27] and theoretical [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] efforts have been made to provide practical and meaningful definitions of local temperature for nonequilibrium systems that bear a close conceptual resemblance to the thermodynamic one. However, it has remained largely unclear how to physically interpret the defined local temperature, and how to associate the measured value with the magnitudes of local excitations and local heating at a quantitative level.This work aims at elucidating these fundamental issues through analyti...

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confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic meaning of local temperature of nonequilibrium open quantum systems

Zheng

Yan

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. B

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“…Ref. 3 . Coupled electron-vibration processes were probed in singlemolecule junctions applying inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy [4][5][6] and Raman spectroscopy tools [7][8][9] , displaying frequency shifts and mode heating in response to electron conduction. Noise characteristics of the charge current can further expose the nature of the vibrational modes contributing to electron dynamics 5,10,11 .…”

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Full counting statistics of vibrationally assisted electronic conduction: Transport and fluctuations of thermoelectric efficiency

2015

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We study the statistical properties of charge and energy transport in electron conducting junctions with electron-phonon interactions, specifically, the thermoelectric efficiency and its fluctuations. The system comprises donor and acceptor electronic states, representing a two-site molecule or a double quantum dot system. Electron transfer between metals through the two molecular sites is coupled to a particular vibrational mode which is taken to be either harmonic or anharmonic-a truncated (twostate) spectrum. Considering these models we derive the cumulant generating function in steady state for charge and energy transfer, correct to second-order in the electron-phonon interaction, but exact to all orders in the metal-molecule coupling strength. This is achieved by using the nonequilibrium Green's function approach (harmonic mode) and a kinetic quantum master equation method (anharmonic mode). From the cumulant generating function we calculate the charge current and its noise and the large deviation function for the thermoelectric efficiency. We demonstrate that at large bias the charge current, differential conductance, and the current noise can identify energetic and structural properties of the junction. We further examine the operation of the junction as a thermoelectric engine and show that while the macroscopic thermoelectric efficiency is indifferent to the nature of the mode (harmonic or anharmonic), efficiency fluctuations do reflect this property.

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“…These Kondo sidebands, with their typical temperature dependence given in the Supplemental Material 68 , are consistent with the scenarios previously discussed in Figs. 1(a)-(c), and are very different from those occurring in N-QD-N systems that are separated by one phonon energy [35][36][37][38][39][40] . Note also that the Kondo sidebands at positive bias are much weaker than those at negative bias, which can be ascribed to that the Kondo effect is suppressed (enhanced) at positive (negative) bias since the dot energy level gets away from (closer to) the Fermi level of lead N. Furthermore, as compared with the Kondo resonance at zero EPI [see the red dashed curve in Fig.…”

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“…More interestingly, the phonon-assisted AT can lead to resonant peaks every time the bias voltage changes by one phonon energy or the gate voltage changes by half a phonon energy 32,33 , which has been unambiguously observed in a recent experiment 34 . This is somewhat reminiscent of normal systems where phonon sidebands of Kondo cotunnelings [35][36][37][38][39][40] and single-electron tunnelings [41][42][43] are also separated by one phonon energy in the bias voltage. Since the N-QD-S setup fabricated in the experiment 34 is indeed an ideal platform to explore the Kondo physics, it is our aim in this paper to provide a theoretical study of the Kondo transport in such a device.…”

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Inelastic Kondo-Andreev tunneling in a vibrating quantum dot

et al. 2017

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Phonon-assisted electronic tunnelings through a vibrating quantum dot embedded between normal and superconducting leads are studied in the Kondo regime. In such a hybrid device, with the bias applied to the normal lead, we find a series of Kondo sidebands separated by half a phonon energy in the differential conductance, which are distinct from the phonon-assisted sidebands previously observed in the conventional Andreev tunnelings and in systems with only normal leads. These Kondo sidebands originate from the Kondo-Andreev cooperative cotunneling mediated by phonons, which exhibit a novel Kondo transport behavior due to the interplay of the Kondo effect, the Andreev tunnelings, and the mechanical vibrations. Our result could be observed in a recent experiment setup [J. Gramich et al., PRL 115, 216801 (2015)], provided that their carbon nanotube device reaches the Kondo regime at low temperatures.

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Electron-Vibration Interaction in the Presence of a Switchable Kondo Resonance Realized in a Molecular Junction

Cited by 51 publications

References 60 publications

Thermodynamic meaning of local temperature of nonequilibrium open quantum systems

Thermodynamic meaning of local temperature of nonequilibrium open quantum systems

Full counting statistics of vibrationally assisted electronic conduction: Transport and fluctuations of thermoelectric efficiency

Inelastic Kondo-Andreev tunneling in a vibrating quantum dot

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