Electron Trapping in Higher Adduct Fullerene‐Based Solar Cells

Lenes, Martijn; Shelton, Steven Wade; Sieval, Alexander B.; Kronholm, David F.; Hummelen, Jan C.; Blom, Paul W. M.

doi:10.1002/adfm.200900459

Cited by 244 publications

(241 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, the electron transport of the tris-PCBM was significantly reduced, possibly due to the high disorder of the fullerene phase, and devices show low efficiencies. 23 Very recently indene-C 60 bisadducts have been reported which exhibit a further reduction in electron affinity of 70 meV compared to bisPCBM. Blends with P3HT demonstrated excellent performance and high photovoltages up to 0.84 V. 24 Endohedral metallofullerenes, which are fullerene derivatives with a metal cluster encapsulated within the cage, are a fascinating class of fullerene derivatives.…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Structure And Performance Of Fullerementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of blend microstructure on bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic performance

et al. 2011

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This tutorial review discusses the factors influencing blend microstructure and performance in bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cells.Please check this proof carefully. Our staff will not read it in detail after you have returned it. Translation errors between word-processor files and typesetting systems can occur so the whole proof needs to be read. Please pay particular attention to: tabulated material; equations; numerical data; figures and graphics; and references. If you have not already indicated the corresponding author(s) please mark their name(s) with an asterisk. Please e-mail a list of corrections or the PDF with electronic notes attached --do not change the text within the PDF file or send a revised manuscript.Please bear in mind that minor layout improvements, e.g. in line breaking, table widths and graphic placement, are routinely applied to the final version.Please note that, in the typefaces we use, an italic vee looks like this: n, and a Greek nu looks like this: n.We will publish articles on the web as soon as possible after receiving your corrections; no late corrections will be made.Please return your final corrections, where possible within 48 hours of receipt, by e-mail to: chemsocrev@rsc.org Reprints-Electronic (PDF) reprints will be provided free of charge to the corresponding author. Enquiries about purchasing paper reprints should be addressed via: http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/ReSourCe/PaperReprints/. Costs for reprints are below: Q3The sentence beginning ''For example it has been shown. . .'' has been altered for clarity, please check that the meaning is correct. Q4The citation to ' Fig. 8(a)' in the sentence beginning 'Grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. . .' has been changed to ' Fig. 10(a)' as the text appears to discuss ' Fig. 10(a)'. Please check that this is correct. Q5The citation to ' Fig. 8(b)' in the sentence beginning 'Upon annealing, P3HT chains begin to crystallize. . .' has been changed to ' Fig The performance of organic photovoltaic devices based upon bulk heterojunction blends of donor and acceptor materials has been shown to be highly dependent on the thin film microstructure. In this tutorial review, we discuss the factors responsible for influencing blend microstructure and how these affect device performance. In particular we discuss how various molecular design approaches can affect the thin film morphology of both the donor and acceptor components, as well as their blend microstructure. We further examine the influence of polymer molecular weight and blend composition upon device performance, and discuss how a variety of processing techniques can be used to control the blend microstructure, leading to improvements in solar cell efficiencies.

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Section: Factors Influencing the Structure And Performance Of Fullerementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of blend microstructure on bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic performance

et al. 2011

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“…Lenes et al also concluded that the origin of the decrease in the current in diodes using bis-PCBM compared to [60]PCBM was a result of broadening of the DOS. 33 The origin of the difference in E A between Ketolactam-1 and [60]PCBM is not immediately clear. As both molecules have a similarly sized side-chain and form apparently amorphous films on deposition from solution, the difference may be a result of distortion of the LUMO causing a reduction in intermolecular orbital coupling.…”

Section: E Charge Transport In Fullerene Transistorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1(c)). [32][33][34][35] These two materials are therefore useful for extending the range of LUMO levels of fullerenes for the current investigation and may also give insight into degradation mechanisms applicable to BHJ solar cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble fullerene derivatives: The effect of electronic structure on transistor performance and air stability

Ball

Bouwer

Kooistra

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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The family of soluble fullerene derivatives comprises a widely studied group of electron transporting molecules for use in organic electronic and optoelectronic devices. For electronic applications, electron transporting (n-channel) materials are required for implementation into organic complementary logic circuit architectures. To date, few soluble candidate materials have been studied that fulfill the stringent requirements of high carrier mobility and air stability. Here we present a study of three soluble fullerenes with varying electron affinity to assess the impact of electronic structure on device performance and air stability. Through theoretical and experimental analysis of the electronic structure, characterization of thin-film structure, and characterization of transistor device properties we find that the air stability of the present series of fullerenes not only depends on the absolute electron affinity of the semiconductor but also on the disorder within the thin-film.

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“…On the other hand, this increases the structural disorder of the fullerenes. A DFT study has been conducted to study the balance between these two effects on device performance (Lenes et al, 2009). The authors of that work calculated the energy levels of all eight unique isomers of bis adduct of PCBM and ten representative isomers of tris-PCBM (Djojo et al, 1999).…”

Section: Modeling Of Fullerenes As Electron Acceptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Scale Modeling of Bulk Heterojunctions for Organic Photovoltaic Applications

Dantanarayana¹,

Huang²,

Staton³

et al. 2012

Third Generation Photovoltaics

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Electron Trapping in Higher Adduct Fullerene‐Based Solar Cells

Cited by 244 publications

References 21 publications

Influence of blend microstructure on bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic performance

Influence of blend microstructure on bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic performance

Soluble fullerene derivatives: The effect of electronic structure on transistor performance and air stability

Multi-Scale Modeling of Bulk Heterojunctions for Organic Photovoltaic Applications

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