Electron transport in acceptor doped polymers: The role of group dipole moments

Abstract

Electron mobilities have been measured in poly(styrene) doped with an isomer mixture of two diphenoquinone (DPQ) compounds over a range of fields, temperatures, and DPQ concentrations. The results are interpreted within the framework of a formalism based on disorder, due to Bässler and coworkers. The formalism is based on the assumption that charge transport occurs by hopping through a manifold of localized states with superimposed energetic and positional disorder. The key parameter of the formalism is the energy width of the hopping site manifold. For DPQ doped poly(styrene), the energy width is 0.118 eV and independent of the intersite distance or DPQ concentration. The width can be described by a model based on dipolar disorder, if it is assumed that the fluctuations of hopping site energies are due to group dipole moments associated with the carbonyl groups of the DPQ molecules. The interpretation of the experimental results leads to the further conclusion that polaronic effects need not be invoked to explain transport phenomena in this class of doped polymers. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Significant Improvements in Dielectric Constant and Energy Density of Ferroelectric Polymer Nanocomposites Enabled by Ultralow Contents of Nanofillers

“…The electrostatic potential ( E ) is proportional to p / r 2 , where p is dipole moment and r is the separation distance of carriers from the hetero‐ or homocharges of the dipole. [ 56 ] By figuring out the electrostatic potential distribution, we can reveal the potential charge transfer and the polarity at the interface. A large electrostatic potential difference (Δ E ) of ≈17.4 eV is found in the interphase region, signifying the existence of an active charge transfer between CZS and P(VDF‐HFP) that results in a highly polar interface with interfacial dipoles.…”

Dielectric properties of polytetrafluoroethylene films modified by direct current discharge

“…It was found that elec tret states appear in the film [20]. Apparently, an increase in the dielectric constant of the plasma mod ified film is due to the appearance of dipoles formed by oxygen containing groups with a dipole moment of p = 4D [25]. The permittivity of the modified layer (ε m ) was determined in accordance with the Lan gevin-Debye formula [26].…”

Selective C–C Coupling Reaction of Dimethylphenol to Tetramethyldiphenoquinone Using Molecular Oxygen Catalyzed by Cu Complexes Immobilized in Nanospaces of Structurally-Ordered Materials

“…The oxidative C–C coupling reaction of 2,6-dimethylphenol (DMP) has attracted interest as a synthetic method for 3,3',5,5'-tetramethyldiphenoquinone (DPQ), which is a useful building block of aryl epoxy resins [ 1 ] and acceptor-doped polymers [ 2 ], and an activator for redistribution of poly(2,6-dimethyl phenylene ether) (PPE) [ 3 ]. Traditionally, the oxidative C–C coupling of DMP to DPQ has been carried out using excess amounts of stoichiometric metal oxidants such as Mn(OAc) 3 [ 4 ], FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O [ 5 ], Co(OAc) 3 [ 6 ], and Ph 3 Bi(OAc) 2 [ 7 ].…”