Electron-transfer mechanisms for confirmation of contact-electrification in ZnO/polyimide-based triboelectric nanogenerators

Li, Dianlun; Wu, Chaoxing; Ruan, Lu; Wang, Jiaxin; Qiu, Zhirong; Wang, Kun; Liu, Ye; Zhang, Yufei; Guo, Tailiang; Lin, Jintang; Kim, Tae Whan

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.104818

Cited by 55 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, even in solid–solid triboelectrification, it is not precisely known which charge species transfer during the triboelectrification, especially between nonionic insulator contacts. − ,, This lack of knowledge has led to controversy with regard to the design of materials for TENGs utilizing solid–solid contacts. − Herein, various reported mechanisms are reviewed with the observed charge carriers based on experimental results. Although there is no universal model of the charge transfer that fully explains triboelectrification, many examples of experimental and computational evidence show that certain species dominate in certain cases.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Triboelectricitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Triboelectric Nanogenerator: Structure, Mechanism, and Applications

et al. 2021

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With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), the number of sensors utilized for the IoT is expected to exceed 200 billion by 2025. Thus, sustainable energy supplies without the recharging and replacement of the charge storage device have become increasingly important. Among various energy harvesters, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has attracted considerable attention due to its high instantaneous output power, broad selection of available materials, eco-friendly and inexpensive fabrication process, and various working modes customized for target applications. The TENG harvests electrical energy from wasted mechanical energy in the ambient environment. Three types of operational modes based on contact-separation, sliding, and freestanding are reviewed for two different configurations with a double-electrode and a single-electrode structure in the TENGs. Various charge transfer mechanisms to explain the operational principles of TENGs during triboelectrification are also reviewed for electron, ion, and material transfers. Thereafter, diverse methodologies to enhance the output power considering the energy harvesting efficiency and energy transferring efficiency are surveyed. Moreover, approaches involving not only energy harvesting by a TENG but also energy storage by a charge storage device are also reviewed. Finally, a variety of applications with TENGs are introduced. This review can help to advance TENGs for use in self-powered sensors, energy harvesters, and other systems. It can also contribute to assisting with more comprehensive and rational designs of TENGs for various applications.

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Section: Mechanism Of Triboelectricitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Triboelectric Nanogenerator: Structure, Mechanism, and Applications

et al. 2021

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“…Particularly, the ZnO-based HNGs are easy to fabricate and integrate with optoelectronic devices for preparing self-powered sensors. However, the output performance of nanogenerators based on ZnO is relatively low. − Therefore, it is necessary to improve the performance of ZnO-based HNGs by introducing additional dopants in ZnO. Recently, Nidhi Sinha et al studied the piezoelectric coefficient of Y-doped ZnO and achieved high d 33 (420 pm/V) compared to the undoped ZnO ( d 33 = 12.4 pm/V) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Y-ZnO Microflowers Embedded Polymeric Composite Films to Enhance the Electrical Performance of Piezo/Tribo Hybrid Nanogenerators for Biomechanical Energy Harvesting and Sensing Applications

Patnam

Graham

2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Nowadays, hybrid nanogenerators (HNGs) have attracted much interest in mechanical energy-harvesting technology because of their assertable advantages in self-powered portable electronic devices. However, the HNG output performance is highly dependent on the active material, the structure of the device, the applied mechanical pressure, and so forth. In this regard, to develop a high-performance HNG, yttrium (Y)-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) microflowers (Y-ZnO MFs) were synthesized and embedded into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for developing rationally designed composite films. Unlike the previously reported ZnO HNGs, the synthesized Y-ZnO MFs/PDMS-based HNG exhibits an improved electrical output because of the enhanced ferroelectricity of Y-ZnO MFs and the resultant increase of the charge density in the composite films. In addition, the effects of Y concentration on ZnO MFs and Y-ZnO MFs loaded into PDMS on the output performance of Y-ZnO MFs/PDMS HNG were studied systematically, and the optimized Y dopant concentration in ZnO MFs was found. Thus, the 0.5 mol % of Y-ZnO MFs and the 2.5 wt % of Y-ZnO MFs embedded in PDMS achieved a stable and enhanced performance. The obtained voltage (V OC ), current (I SC ), and instantaneous power density of the composite film-based HNG (Y-ZnO MFs/PDMS) were 247 V, 7 μA, and ∼6 W/m 2 , respectively. Furthermore, the practical and commercial applications of the proposed HNG were demonstrated by sensing and harvesting biomechanical motions available in everyday human activities and powering various portable electronics.

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“…Generally speaking, the factors that affect the electrical output of TENG include the dielectric and triboelectricity of the material 14,15 , the structure of the surface 16,17 , the thickness of the material 18,19 , the temperature 20 , humidity 21 and atmosphere 22,23 of the environment, and so on. In terms of environmental humidity, water molecules in the environment adhere to the surface of the friction layer, resulting in a decrease in the amount of triboelectricity between the polymers 24,25 ; at the same time, the migration of water molecules will carry the charges on the surface of the friction layer into the environment, resulting in polymer degradation, so the dissipation of surface charge increases 26,27 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 9–12 Especially for solid–solid TENGs, the environmental humidity has a significant effect on their output performance owing to different friction charge generating rates at various humidities, for example, when the humidity increased from 15% to 90%, the triboelectric output of aluminum (Al) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) decreased by 65.4%, 13 which not only affects the energy collection efficiency and working reliability of TENGs, but also greatly reduces their practical application ranges, especially in areas with high humidity. Generally speaking, the factors that affect the electrical output of TENGs include the dielectric property and triboelectricity of the material, 14,15 the structure of the surface, 16,17 the thickness of the material, 18,19 and the temperature, 20 humidity 21 and atmosphere 22,23 of the environment, and so on. In terms of environmental humidity, water molecules in the environment adhere to the surface of the friction layer, resulting in a decrease in the amount of triboelectricity between the polymers; 24,25 at the same time, the migration of water molecules will carry the charges on the surface of the friction layer to the environment, resulting in polymer degradation, so the dissipation of surface charge increases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%