Electron spins coupling of coconut shell activated nanocarbons in solid propellant on improving to the thrust stability and specific impulses

Abstract

The role of activated coconut carbon in the combustion of solid propellant composed by ammonium perchlorate, aluminum, and hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene on improving to the thrust stability and specific impulses have been studied experimentally. Nanocarbons derived from coconut shells produces carbon compounds which dictates electron spin coupling sp2-sp3 when there is an increase in temperature until combustion occurs. Strong nanocarbon bonds require high temperatures and pressures to release bonds and bind oxygen. The results show that activated carbon plays a role in controlling the propellant combustion reaction and reduces thrust fluctuations. But the particle size plays a very decisive role. In micro size the activated carbon becomes a thermal load so thrust power decrease. At nano size the very wide contact area of the activated carbon accelerates the decomposition process to absorb large amounts of energy. While carbon nano as capacitors active side control the combustion reaction so that the exothermic process takes place more gradual and smoother that prolong burning time. As a result, there is an increase in heat flow that amplifies thrust stability and specific impulses.

Design and Construction of A Remotely Controlled Multy-Tasking Chain-Wheel Combat Robot

“…The rocket was fired with the characteristics of composite AP propellant as oxidizer, HTPB as binder and Al as fuel. The rocket size is 20 mm cal with 50 mm fins, the rocket length is 500 mm and the throat nozzle diameter is 6 mm, the propellant mass is 100 grams producing a thrust of 40 N (Muda et al, 2018). The firing system is by directing the rocket launcher azimuth -90° to +90°, rocket elevation movement 0° to 50°, igniter for ignition or rocket activation by pressing the rocket button on the RC which is received by the receiver on the robot so that it works actively high (+ 5V), activates the igniter which can burn the rocket fuse.…”