Electron Source in Photoinduced Hydrogen Production on Pt-supported TiO<sub>2</sub> Particles

Abe, Toshiyuki; Suzuki, Eiji; Nagoshi, Kentaro; Miyashita, and Kohichi; Kaneko, Masao

doi:10.1021/jp983265x

Cited by 110 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As discussed in detail in our previous studies [20,21], photogenerated oxygen either remains adsorbed on the TiO 2 surface and/or further reacts to form peroxotitanate complexes at the surface of TiO 2 particles [31] and H 2 O 2 in solution [31,32]. It is also possible that the photogenerated holes may cause oxidation of the semiconductor surface, in which case TiO 2 itself acts as an electron donor [33]. The presence of glycerol in solution results, initially, in a significant enhancement of the hydrogen production rate, the maximum of which (0.47 lmol min -1 ) is approximately one order of magnitude higher than that obtained from pure water (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Hydrogen Production by Photo-Induced Reforming of Biomass Components and Derivatives at Ambient Conditions

et al. 2007

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Hydrogen can be produced at ambient conditions via an efficient, technologically simple, ecologically benign, and potentially very low-cost process, with the use of a Pt/TiO 2 photocatalyst and three abundant and renewable sources: biomass, solar light, and water. The method combines photocatalytic splitting of water and lightinduced oxidation of biomass compounds into a single process, able to produce hydrogen at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Hydrogen Production by Photo-Induced Reforming of Biomass Components and Derivatives at Ambient Conditions

et al. 2007

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“…A similar phenomenon has been reported when TiO 2 ͑so-called P-25͒ was used as the photocatalyst. 7 The total amount of H 2 produced after the 60 h irradiation in water was ca. 3.3 mol ͑74 L͒, which was much less than the employed amount of Cu 2 O powder ͑140 mol͒.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Characterization of Cu[sub 2]O After the Evolution of H[sub 2] under Visible Light Irradiation

Kakuta

Abe

2009

Electrochem. Solid-State Lett.

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Photocatalysis of Cu 2 O powder was investigated to evaluate its ability for the stoichiometric decomposition of water into O 2 and H 2 . Although thus far it has been indicated that Cu 2 O can function as a photocatalyst for the overall water splitting, H 2 evolution was found to take place solely while there was no generation of O 2 . Moreover, the evolution rate of H 2 gradually decreased during prolonged irradiation, and consequently, the evolution of H 2 ceased. From the structural analyses of deactivated Cu 2 O, it appeared that the H 2 evolution originates in the self-oxidation of Cu 2 O to CuO. © 2008 The Electrochemical Society. ͓DOI: 10.1149/1.3054330͔ All rights reserved.Manuscript submitted October 16, 2008; revised manuscript received November 28, 2008. Published December 23, 2008 It has been reported that cuprous oxide ͑Cu 2 O͒ shows mechanocatalysis for the overall splitting of water into H 2 and O 2 ͑in the dark͒. 1 Cu 2 O powder is also a photocatalyst working under visible light irradiation; 2,3 however, the instance of the photocatalytic water splitting is unknown, although the edges of the conduction band and the valence band of Cu 2 O may be available for the water reactions to form H 2 and O 2 ͑Scheme 1͒. 4 According to photoelectrochemical studies on Cu 2 O, a few problems associated with water splitting have been indicated as follows: ͑i͒ when employing Cu 2 O as a photocathode, it often underwent reductive transformation, resulting in the formation of metallic Cu ͑Cu 0 ͒, because of the low activity of Cu 2 O for the reduction of water into H 2 , 4,5 and ͑ii͒ in a twoelectrode electrochemical cell system comprising a Cu 2 O photocathode and a Pt anode without bias, there was no confirmation of O 2 from water ͑at the Pt counter electrode͒, which may imply that the holes photogenerated at Cu 2 O ͑valence band͒ are not capable of water oxidation into O 2 . 6 In the present study, we examined the photocatalysis of Cu 2 O powder for overall water splitting. It was found that Cu 2 O induces the evolution of H 2 , particularly through an irreversible structural change in Cu 2 O to form CuO ͑i.e., selfoxidation͒. The details of this process are described in the following section. ExperimentalCu 2 O powder was prepared by the reduction of Cu 2+ ion in the presence of sodium thiosulfate. Ten cubic centimeters of 1.0 mol dm −3 CuSO 4 ·9H 2 O ͑Kanto Chemical͒ aqueous solution was dropped into 100 cm 3 of 1.0 mol Na 2 S 2 O 3 aqueous solution, and subsequently, the mixture solution was dropped into 200 cm 3 of 1 mol dm −3 NaOH solution at 80°C. The resulting reddish-brown precipitate ͑Cu 2 O͒ was separated by filtration and washed with deionized water; the precipitate was dried at 40°C under Ar atmosphere.X-ray powder diffraction ͑XRD͒ patterns were measured using a Shimadzu XD-610 diffractometer with Cu K␣ radiation ͑0.154 nm͒. Transmission electron microscope ͑TEM͒ observation was conducted using a Hitachi H-8000 TEM ͑accelerating voltage: 200 kV͒ in order to obtain sample images and electron diffr...

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“…Subsequent studies on the role of Na 2 CO 3 addition ( [214] and Entries 3 and 4 in Table 3) underline the importance of inhibiting back reactions on catalyst-modified TiO 2 samples. By the same token, unusual valence states (Ti 5+ ) that have been proposed [199] to explain the non-stoichiometric gas evolution have been challenged by other authors [215].…”

Section: Recent Work On Tio 2 On Photosplitting Of Water Ormentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen generation at irradiated oxide semiconductor–solution interfaces

2007

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This review focuses on the use of inorganic oxide semiconductors for the photoassisted generation of hydrogen from water. Representative studies spanning approximately three decades are included in this review. The topics covered include a discussion of the types of water photosplitting approaches, an ideal photoelectrolysis system, an examination of why oxide semiconductors are attractive for this application, a review of both classical and more recent studies on titanium dioxide, tungsten trioxide, and other binary metal oxides, perovskites and other ternary oxides, tantalates and niobates, miscellaneous multinary oxides, semiconductor alloys and mixed semiconductor composites, and twin-photosystem configurations for water splitting.

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Electron Source in Photoinduced Hydrogen Production on Pt-supported TiO₂ Particles

Cited by 110 publications

References 23 publications

Hydrogen Production by Photo-Induced Reforming of Biomass Components and Derivatives at Ambient Conditions

Hydrogen Production by Photo-Induced Reforming of Biomass Components and Derivatives at Ambient Conditions

Structural Characterization of Cu[sub 2]O After the Evolution of H[sub 2] under Visible Light Irradiation

Hydrogen generation at irradiated oxide semiconductor–solution interfaces

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Electron Source in Photoinduced Hydrogen Production on Pt-supported TiO2 Particles

Cited by 110 publications

References 23 publications

Hydrogen Production by Photo-Induced Reforming of Biomass Components and Derivatives at Ambient Conditions

Hydrogen Production by Photo-Induced Reforming of Biomass Components and Derivatives at Ambient Conditions

Structural Characterization of Cu[sub 2]O After the Evolution of H[sub 2] under Visible Light Irradiation

Hydrogen generation at irradiated oxide semiconductor–solution interfaces

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Electron Source in Photoinduced Hydrogen Production on Pt-supported TiO₂ Particles