Electron probe X-ray analysis of siderosomes in haemarthrotic articular cartilage

Ultrastructure of the haemophilic synovial membrane and electron‐probe X‐ray analysis of haemosiderin

“…The results of our present study provide unequivocal proof regarding the presence of iron and phosphorus in the siderosome. In a previous study on siderosomes in haemarthrotic rabbit cartilage small peaks of phosphorus were detected, but this was in osmicated material (Ghadially et al, 1974). It is difficult to identify small amounts of phosphorus in such a situation, for the K a line of phosphorus (2.013 keV) lies too close to the M line of osmium (1 -94 keV) and the resolution of the currently available X-ray detectors is only about 150 to 180 eV.…”

“…

PLATES LXXXIII-LXXXVII CHRONIC haemarthrosis results from repeated haemorrhages into the joint over a prolonged period of time and is often dependent on the presence of a blood disease such as haemophilia or some local lesion such as synovial haemangioma or villonodular synovitis. Since haemophilic joints are rarely operated on and other conditions causing chronic haemarthrosis in man are somewhat rare, the chances of obtaining freshly collected articular tissue for electron microscopy are slender.Hence our knowledge of the ultrastructural changes that occur in the synovial membrane in chronic haemarthrosis rests largely on experimental haemarthrosis produced in the rabbit by repeated intra-articular injections of autologous blood over a prolonged period of time Roy and Ghadially, 1969;Ghadially, Oryschak, Ailsby and Mehta, 1974). Recently we have had the chance to study a specimen of haemophilic synovial membrane with the electron microscope.

…”

“…Hence our knowledge of the ultrastructural changes that occur in the synovial membrane in chronic haemarthrosis rests largely on experimental haemarthrosis produced in the rabbit by repeated intra-articular injections of autologous blood over a prolonged period of time Roy and Ghadially, 1969;Ghadially, Oryschak, Ailsby and Mehta, 1974). Recently we have had the chance to study a specimen of haemophilic synovial membrane with the electron microscope.…”

Ultrastructure of intramuscular haematomas and electron‐probe X‐ray analysis of extracellular and intracellular iron deposits

“…The results of our present study provide unequivocal proof regarding the presence of iron in all the siderosomes, but the occurrence of small peaks of phosphorus, sulphur and chlorine in some siderosomes is more difficult to interpret. In our study on siderosomes in the human haemophilic synovial membrane (Ghadially et al, 1976a), we found iron and phosphorus in all the siderosomes we analysed but in siderosomes produced by repeated injections of autologous blood into the rabbit knee joint we found ten siderosomes where no phosphorus was detected in the face of very high iron counts but small peaks of phosphorus were seen in 21 other siderosomes (Ghadially et al, 1976b).…”

Acute hemarthrosis: A histological, biochemical, and biomechanical correlation of early effects on the anterior cruciate ligament in a rabbit model

“…Most experimental models have studied the effects of chronic hemarthrosis on articular cartilage. The changes seen include intracellular deposition of iron in chondrocytes (4,8,17,18), an increase in protease activity from cartilage (3), a drop in glycosaminoglycan content of articular surfaces (2,17), decreased shear strength of cartilage (2), and associated early cartilage degeneration (3,7). It is apparent that the synovial lining is not a passive bystander in this process, as reports of synovial hy- pertrophy with intracellular deposits of iron (7,13,17) have noted.…”